Differential Accumulation of Metabolites in <i>Suaeda</i> Species Provides New Insights into Abiotic Stress Tolerance in C<sub>4</sub>-Halophytic Species in Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> Conditions
Halophytic plants can adapt to grow and thrive in highly saline conditions. <i>Suaeda</i> species are annual halophytes with high salt tolerance and are most suitable in the restoration of salinized or contaminated saline land and as food, forage, medicine, and bioenergy. In this study,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-01-01
|
| Series: | Agronomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/1/131 |
| _version_ | 1797413269028208640 |
|---|---|
| author | Sonam Yadav Hosam O. Elansary Mohamed A. Mattar Khalid M. Elhindi Majed A. Alotaibi Avinash Mishra |
| author_facet | Sonam Yadav Hosam O. Elansary Mohamed A. Mattar Khalid M. Elhindi Majed A. Alotaibi Avinash Mishra |
| author_sort | Sonam Yadav |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Halophytic plants can adapt to grow and thrive in highly saline conditions. <i>Suaeda</i> species are annual halophytes with high salt tolerance and are most suitable in the restoration of salinized or contaminated saline land and as food, forage, medicine, and bioenergy. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the different metabolic responses of <i>Suaeda</i> species under salt and drought stress at ambient and elevated CO<sub>2</sub> conditions. Seedlings of <i>Suaeda</i> species were treated with 500 mM NaCl and 5% of polyethylene glycol under elevated CO<sub>2</sub> stress conditions for 24 h. Then, widely untargeted metabolites were detected by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Different metabolites involved in amino acid metabolism, glycolysis, photorespiration, and tricarboxylic acid cycle were quantitatively determined after stress treatments. A total of 61 primary metabolites were annotated. Different treatments increased the contents of certain metabolites, such as amino acids, sugars, and organic acids, as well as some antioxidants, such as quininic acid, kaempferol, and melatonin. These substances may be correlated with osmotic tolerance, increased antioxidant activity, and medical and nutritional value in the species. This study suggests that various metabolites differentially accumulated in C<sub>4</sub><i>Suaeda</i> species under varying stress conditions. Furthermore, this work provides new insights into the key secondary metabolite pathway involved in stress tolerance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:15:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e8faf9f3e9b5408a8b5f6e905a962767 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:15:29Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-e8faf9f3e9b5408a8b5f6e905a9627672023-12-03T12:46:28ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-01-0111113110.3390/agronomy11010131Differential Accumulation of Metabolites in <i>Suaeda</i> Species Provides New Insights into Abiotic Stress Tolerance in C<sub>4</sub>-Halophytic Species in Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> ConditionsSonam Yadav0Hosam O. Elansary1Mohamed A. Mattar2Khalid M. Elhindi3Majed A. Alotaibi4Avinash Mishra5Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR–Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, IndiaPlant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaAgricultural Engineering Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaPlant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaPlant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDivision of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR–Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, IndiaHalophytic plants can adapt to grow and thrive in highly saline conditions. <i>Suaeda</i> species are annual halophytes with high salt tolerance and are most suitable in the restoration of salinized or contaminated saline land and as food, forage, medicine, and bioenergy. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the different metabolic responses of <i>Suaeda</i> species under salt and drought stress at ambient and elevated CO<sub>2</sub> conditions. Seedlings of <i>Suaeda</i> species were treated with 500 mM NaCl and 5% of polyethylene glycol under elevated CO<sub>2</sub> stress conditions for 24 h. Then, widely untargeted metabolites were detected by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Different metabolites involved in amino acid metabolism, glycolysis, photorespiration, and tricarboxylic acid cycle were quantitatively determined after stress treatments. A total of 61 primary metabolites were annotated. Different treatments increased the contents of certain metabolites, such as amino acids, sugars, and organic acids, as well as some antioxidants, such as quininic acid, kaempferol, and melatonin. These substances may be correlated with osmotic tolerance, increased antioxidant activity, and medical and nutritional value in the species. This study suggests that various metabolites differentially accumulated in C<sub>4</sub><i>Suaeda</i> species under varying stress conditions. Furthermore, this work provides new insights into the key secondary metabolite pathway involved in stress tolerance.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/1/131abiotic stressC<sub>4</sub> plantsdroughtelevated CO<sub>2</sub>halophytesalinity |
| spellingShingle | Sonam Yadav Hosam O. Elansary Mohamed A. Mattar Khalid M. Elhindi Majed A. Alotaibi Avinash Mishra Differential Accumulation of Metabolites in <i>Suaeda</i> Species Provides New Insights into Abiotic Stress Tolerance in C<sub>4</sub>-Halophytic Species in Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> Conditions Agronomy abiotic stress C<sub>4</sub> plants drought elevated CO<sub>2</sub> halophyte salinity |
| title | Differential Accumulation of Metabolites in <i>Suaeda</i> Species Provides New Insights into Abiotic Stress Tolerance in C<sub>4</sub>-Halophytic Species in Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> Conditions |
| title_full | Differential Accumulation of Metabolites in <i>Suaeda</i> Species Provides New Insights into Abiotic Stress Tolerance in C<sub>4</sub>-Halophytic Species in Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Differential Accumulation of Metabolites in <i>Suaeda</i> Species Provides New Insights into Abiotic Stress Tolerance in C<sub>4</sub>-Halophytic Species in Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differential Accumulation of Metabolites in <i>Suaeda</i> Species Provides New Insights into Abiotic Stress Tolerance in C<sub>4</sub>-Halophytic Species in Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> Conditions |
| title_short | Differential Accumulation of Metabolites in <i>Suaeda</i> Species Provides New Insights into Abiotic Stress Tolerance in C<sub>4</sub>-Halophytic Species in Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> Conditions |
| title_sort | differential accumulation of metabolites in i suaeda i species provides new insights into abiotic stress tolerance in c sub 4 sub halophytic species in elevated co sub 2 sub conditions |
| topic | abiotic stress C<sub>4</sub> plants drought elevated CO<sub>2</sub> halophyte salinity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/1/131 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sonamyadav differentialaccumulationofmetabolitesinisuaedaispeciesprovidesnewinsightsintoabioticstresstoleranceincsub4subhalophyticspeciesinelevatedcosub2subconditions AT hosamoelansary differentialaccumulationofmetabolitesinisuaedaispeciesprovidesnewinsightsintoabioticstresstoleranceincsub4subhalophyticspeciesinelevatedcosub2subconditions AT mohamedamattar differentialaccumulationofmetabolitesinisuaedaispeciesprovidesnewinsightsintoabioticstresstoleranceincsub4subhalophyticspeciesinelevatedcosub2subconditions AT khalidmelhindi differentialaccumulationofmetabolitesinisuaedaispeciesprovidesnewinsightsintoabioticstresstoleranceincsub4subhalophyticspeciesinelevatedcosub2subconditions AT majedaalotaibi differentialaccumulationofmetabolitesinisuaedaispeciesprovidesnewinsightsintoabioticstresstoleranceincsub4subhalophyticspeciesinelevatedcosub2subconditions AT avinashmishra differentialaccumulationofmetabolitesinisuaedaispeciesprovidesnewinsightsintoabioticstresstoleranceincsub4subhalophyticspeciesinelevatedcosub2subconditions |