Monitoring and Surveillance of Small Ruminant Health in The Netherlands
In contemporary society and modern livestock farming, a monitoring and surveillance system for animal health has become indispensable. In addition to obligations arising from European regulations regarding monitoring and surveillance of animal diseases, The Netherlands developed a voluntary system f...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/6/635 |
| _version_ | 1797483567979167744 |
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| author | Eveline Dijkstra Piet Vellema Karianne Peterson Carlijn ter Bogt-Kappert Reinie Dijkman Liesbeth Harkema Erik van Engelen Marian Aalberts Inge Santman-Berends René van den Brom |
| author_facet | Eveline Dijkstra Piet Vellema Karianne Peterson Carlijn ter Bogt-Kappert Reinie Dijkman Liesbeth Harkema Erik van Engelen Marian Aalberts Inge Santman-Berends René van den Brom |
| author_sort | Eveline Dijkstra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In contemporary society and modern livestock farming, a monitoring and surveillance system for animal health has become indispensable. In addition to obligations arising from European regulations regarding monitoring and surveillance of animal diseases, The Netherlands developed a voluntary system for the monitoring and surveillance of small ruminant health. This system aims for (1) early detection of outbreaks of designated animal diseases, (2) early detection of yet unknown disease conditions, and (3) insight into trends and developments. To meet these objectives, a system is in place based on four main surveillance components, namely a consultancy helpdesk, diagnostic services, multiple networks, and an annual data analysis. This paper describes the current system and its ongoing development and gives an impression of nearly twenty years of performance by providing a general overview of key findings and three elaborated examples of notable disease outbreaks. Results indicate that the current system has added value to the detection of various (re)emerging and new diseases. Nevertheless, animal health monitoring and surveillance require a flexible approach that is able to keep pace with changes and developments within the industry. Therefore, monitoring and surveillance systems should be continuously adapted and improved using new techniques and insights. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:48:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e900fda1920a4139808d09f6d4c4cc19 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:48:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-e900fda1920a4139808d09f6d4c4cc192023-11-23T18:24:26ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172022-05-0111663510.3390/pathogens11060635Monitoring and Surveillance of Small Ruminant Health in The NetherlandsEveline Dijkstra0Piet Vellema1Karianne Peterson2Carlijn ter Bogt-Kappert3Reinie Dijkman4Liesbeth Harkema5Erik van Engelen6Marian Aalberts7Inge Santman-Berends8René van den Brom9Department of Small Ruminant Health, Royal Animal Health Services (GD), P.O. Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, The NetherlandsDepartment of Small Ruminant Health, Royal Animal Health Services (GD), P.O. Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, The NetherlandsDepartment of Small Ruminant Health, Royal Animal Health Services (GD), P.O. Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, The NetherlandsDepartment of Small Ruminant Health, Royal Animal Health Services (GD), P.O. Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, The NetherlandsDepartment of Pathology, Royal Animal Health Services (GD), P.O. Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, The NetherlandsDepartment of Pathology, Royal Animal Health Services (GD), P.O. Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, The NetherlandsDepartment of Research and Development, Royal Animal Health Services (GD), P.O. Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, The NetherlandsDepartment of Research and Development, Royal Animal Health Services (GD), P.O. Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, The NetherlandsDepartment of Research and Development, Royal Animal Health Services (GD), P.O. Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, The NetherlandsDepartment of Small Ruminant Health, Royal Animal Health Services (GD), P.O. Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, The NetherlandsIn contemporary society and modern livestock farming, a monitoring and surveillance system for animal health has become indispensable. In addition to obligations arising from European regulations regarding monitoring and surveillance of animal diseases, The Netherlands developed a voluntary system for the monitoring and surveillance of small ruminant health. This system aims for (1) early detection of outbreaks of designated animal diseases, (2) early detection of yet unknown disease conditions, and (3) insight into trends and developments. To meet these objectives, a system is in place based on four main surveillance components, namely a consultancy helpdesk, diagnostic services, multiple networks, and an annual data analysis. This paper describes the current system and its ongoing development and gives an impression of nearly twenty years of performance by providing a general overview of key findings and three elaborated examples of notable disease outbreaks. Results indicate that the current system has added value to the detection of various (re)emerging and new diseases. Nevertheless, animal health monitoring and surveillance require a flexible approach that is able to keep pace with changes and developments within the industry. Therefore, monitoring and surveillance systems should be continuously adapted and improved using new techniques and insights.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/6/635monitoringsurveillancecomponentssmall ruminant healthsheepgoat |
| spellingShingle | Eveline Dijkstra Piet Vellema Karianne Peterson Carlijn ter Bogt-Kappert Reinie Dijkman Liesbeth Harkema Erik van Engelen Marian Aalberts Inge Santman-Berends René van den Brom Monitoring and Surveillance of Small Ruminant Health in The Netherlands Pathogens monitoring surveillance components small ruminant health sheep goat |
| title | Monitoring and Surveillance of Small Ruminant Health in The Netherlands |
| title_full | Monitoring and Surveillance of Small Ruminant Health in The Netherlands |
| title_fullStr | Monitoring and Surveillance of Small Ruminant Health in The Netherlands |
| title_full_unstemmed | Monitoring and Surveillance of Small Ruminant Health in The Netherlands |
| title_short | Monitoring and Surveillance of Small Ruminant Health in The Netherlands |
| title_sort | monitoring and surveillance of small ruminant health in the netherlands |
| topic | monitoring surveillance components small ruminant health sheep goat |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/6/635 |
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