Effects of passages through an insect or a plant on virulence and physiological properties of the fungus Metarhizium robertsii
Species of the genus Metarhizium are characterized by a multitrophic lifestyle of being arthropod parasites, rhizosphere colonizers, endophytes, and saprophytes. The process of adaptation to various organisms and substrates may lead to specific physiological alterations that can be elucidated by pas...
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| Format: | Article |
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PeerJ Inc.
2023-08-01
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| author | Oksana G. Tomilova Vadim Y. Kryukov Natalia A. Kryukova Khristina P. Tolokonnikova Yuri S. Tokarev Arina S. Rumiantseva Alexander A. Alekseev Viktor V. Glupov |
| author_facet | Oksana G. Tomilova Vadim Y. Kryukov Natalia A. Kryukova Khristina P. Tolokonnikova Yuri S. Tokarev Arina S. Rumiantseva Alexander A. Alekseev Viktor V. Glupov |
| author_sort | Oksana G. Tomilova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Species of the genus Metarhizium are characterized by a multitrophic lifestyle of being arthropod parasites, rhizosphere colonizers, endophytes, and saprophytes. The process of adaptation to various organisms and substrates may lead to specific physiological alterations that can be elucidated by passaging through different hosts. Changes in virulence and cultivation properties of entomopathogenic fungi subcultured on different media or passaged through a live insect host are well known. Nevertheless, comparative in-depth physiological studies on fungi after passaging through insect or plant organisms are scarce. Here, virulence, plant colonization, hydrolytic enzymatic activities, toxin production, and antimicrobial action were compared between stable (nondegenerative) parent strain Metarhizium robertsii MB-1 and its reisolates obtained after eight passages through Galleria mellonella larvae or Solanum lycopersicum or after subculturing on the Sabouraud medium. The passaging through the insect caused similar physiological alterations relative to the plant-based passaging: elevation of destruxin A, B, and E production, a decrease in protease and lipase activities, and lowering of virulence toward G. mellonella and Leptinotarsa decemlineata as compared to the parent strain. The reisolates passaged through the insect or plant showed a slight trend toward increased tomato colonization and enhanced antagonistic action on tomato-associated bacterium Bacillus pumilus as compared to the parental strain. Meanwhile, the subculturing of MB-1 on the Sabouraud medium showed stability of the studied parameters, with minimal alterations relative to the parental strain. We propose that the fungal virulence factors are reprioritized during adaptation of M. robertsii to insects, plants, and media. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:38:44Z |
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| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:38:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PeerJ |
| spelling | doaj.art-e9151700bc954395bf87804690f558a72023-12-03T10:55:13ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592023-08-0111e1572610.7717/peerj.15726Effects of passages through an insect or a plant on virulence and physiological properties of the fungus Metarhizium robertsiiOksana G. Tomilova0Vadim Y. Kryukov1Natalia A. Kryukova2Khristina P. Tolokonnikova3Yuri S. Tokarev4Arina S. Rumiantseva5Alexander A. Alekseev6Viktor V. Glupov7Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaInstitute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaInstitute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaInstitute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaAll-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, St. Petersburg, RussiaAll-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, St. Petersburg, RussiaInstitute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaInstitute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaSpecies of the genus Metarhizium are characterized by a multitrophic lifestyle of being arthropod parasites, rhizosphere colonizers, endophytes, and saprophytes. The process of adaptation to various organisms and substrates may lead to specific physiological alterations that can be elucidated by passaging through different hosts. Changes in virulence and cultivation properties of entomopathogenic fungi subcultured on different media or passaged through a live insect host are well known. Nevertheless, comparative in-depth physiological studies on fungi after passaging through insect or plant organisms are scarce. Here, virulence, plant colonization, hydrolytic enzymatic activities, toxin production, and antimicrobial action were compared between stable (nondegenerative) parent strain Metarhizium robertsii MB-1 and its reisolates obtained after eight passages through Galleria mellonella larvae or Solanum lycopersicum or after subculturing on the Sabouraud medium. The passaging through the insect caused similar physiological alterations relative to the plant-based passaging: elevation of destruxin A, B, and E production, a decrease in protease and lipase activities, and lowering of virulence toward G. mellonella and Leptinotarsa decemlineata as compared to the parent strain. The reisolates passaged through the insect or plant showed a slight trend toward increased tomato colonization and enhanced antagonistic action on tomato-associated bacterium Bacillus pumilus as compared to the parental strain. Meanwhile, the subculturing of MB-1 on the Sabouraud medium showed stability of the studied parameters, with minimal alterations relative to the parental strain. We propose that the fungal virulence factors are reprioritized during adaptation of M. robertsii to insects, plants, and media.https://peerj.com/articles/15726.pdfColonizationDestruxinLipolytic activityProteolytic activityWax mothTomato |
| spellingShingle | Oksana G. Tomilova Vadim Y. Kryukov Natalia A. Kryukova Khristina P. Tolokonnikova Yuri S. Tokarev Arina S. Rumiantseva Alexander A. Alekseev Viktor V. Glupov Effects of passages through an insect or a plant on virulence and physiological properties of the fungus Metarhizium robertsii PeerJ Colonization Destruxin Lipolytic activity Proteolytic activity Wax moth Tomato |
| title | Effects of passages through an insect or a plant on virulence and physiological properties of the fungus Metarhizium robertsii |
| title_full | Effects of passages through an insect or a plant on virulence and physiological properties of the fungus Metarhizium robertsii |
| title_fullStr | Effects of passages through an insect or a plant on virulence and physiological properties of the fungus Metarhizium robertsii |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of passages through an insect or a plant on virulence and physiological properties of the fungus Metarhizium robertsii |
| title_short | Effects of passages through an insect or a plant on virulence and physiological properties of the fungus Metarhizium robertsii |
| title_sort | effects of passages through an insect or a plant on virulence and physiological properties of the fungus metarhizium robertsii |
| topic | Colonization Destruxin Lipolytic activity Proteolytic activity Wax moth Tomato |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/15726.pdf |
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