Urinary Tract Infections: The Current Scenario and Future Prospects
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections worldwide, occurring in both community and healthcare settings. Although the clinical symptoms of UTIs are heterogeneous and range from uncomplicated (uUTIs) to complicated (cUTIs), most UTIs are usually treated empirical...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-04-01
|
| Series: | Pathogens |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/4/623 |
| _version_ | 1797603991005167616 |
|---|---|
| author | Giuseppe Mancuso Angelina Midiri Elisabetta Gerace Maria Marra Sebastiana Zummo Carmelo Biondo |
| author_facet | Giuseppe Mancuso Angelina Midiri Elisabetta Gerace Maria Marra Sebastiana Zummo Carmelo Biondo |
| author_sort | Giuseppe Mancuso |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections worldwide, occurring in both community and healthcare settings. Although the clinical symptoms of UTIs are heterogeneous and range from uncomplicated (uUTIs) to complicated (cUTIs), most UTIs are usually treated empirically. Bacteria are the main causative agents of these infections, although more rarely, other microorganisms, such as fungi and some viruses, have been reported to be responsible for UTIs. Uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (UPEC) is the most common causative agent for both uUTIs and cUTIs, followed by other pathogenic microorganisms, such as <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Proteus mirabilis</i>, <i>Enterococcus faecalis,</i> and <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. In addition, the incidence of UTIs caused by multidrug resistance (MDR) is increasing, resulting in a significant increase in the spread of antibiotic resistance and the economic burden of these infections. Here, we discuss the various factors associated with UTIs, including the mechanisms of pathogenicity related to the bacteria that cause UTIs and the emergence of increasing resistance in UTI pathogens. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:39:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e917cbca417d45d48b5d12a26e513350 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:39:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-e917cbca417d45d48b5d12a26e5133502023-11-17T20:49:22ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172023-04-0112462310.3390/pathogens12040623Urinary Tract Infections: The Current Scenario and Future ProspectsGiuseppe Mancuso0Angelina Midiri1Elisabetta Gerace2Maria Marra3Sebastiana Zummo4Carmelo Biondo5Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ItalyASP (Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale), 90141 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, ItalyUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections worldwide, occurring in both community and healthcare settings. Although the clinical symptoms of UTIs are heterogeneous and range from uncomplicated (uUTIs) to complicated (cUTIs), most UTIs are usually treated empirically. Bacteria are the main causative agents of these infections, although more rarely, other microorganisms, such as fungi and some viruses, have been reported to be responsible for UTIs. Uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (UPEC) is the most common causative agent for both uUTIs and cUTIs, followed by other pathogenic microorganisms, such as <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Proteus mirabilis</i>, <i>Enterococcus faecalis,</i> and <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. In addition, the incidence of UTIs caused by multidrug resistance (MDR) is increasing, resulting in a significant increase in the spread of antibiotic resistance and the economic burden of these infections. Here, we discuss the various factors associated with UTIs, including the mechanisms of pathogenicity related to the bacteria that cause UTIs and the emergence of increasing resistance in UTI pathogens.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/4/623uropathogensvirulence factorspathogenesisantibiotic resistance |
| spellingShingle | Giuseppe Mancuso Angelina Midiri Elisabetta Gerace Maria Marra Sebastiana Zummo Carmelo Biondo Urinary Tract Infections: The Current Scenario and Future Prospects Pathogens uropathogens virulence factors pathogenesis antibiotic resistance |
| title | Urinary Tract Infections: The Current Scenario and Future Prospects |
| title_full | Urinary Tract Infections: The Current Scenario and Future Prospects |
| title_fullStr | Urinary Tract Infections: The Current Scenario and Future Prospects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Urinary Tract Infections: The Current Scenario and Future Prospects |
| title_short | Urinary Tract Infections: The Current Scenario and Future Prospects |
| title_sort | urinary tract infections the current scenario and future prospects |
| topic | uropathogens virulence factors pathogenesis antibiotic resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/4/623 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT giuseppemancuso urinarytractinfectionsthecurrentscenarioandfutureprospects AT angelinamidiri urinarytractinfectionsthecurrentscenarioandfutureprospects AT elisabettagerace urinarytractinfectionsthecurrentscenarioandfutureprospects AT mariamarra urinarytractinfectionsthecurrentscenarioandfutureprospects AT sebastianazummo urinarytractinfectionsthecurrentscenarioandfutureprospects AT carmelobiondo urinarytractinfectionsthecurrentscenarioandfutureprospects |