Body Composition Changes over Multiple Academic Years in Female Collegiate Soccer Players
Body composition plays a key role in overall health and sports performance and its assessment is an important part of many athletic programs. The purpose of this study was to describe longitudinal changes in body composition for collegiate female soccer players in order to provide data to inform fut...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/5/4/72 |
| _version_ | 1797552453452824576 |
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| author | Austin Katona Caroline Riewe Angela Bruzina Nicholas J Ollberding Mary Ankrom Jon Divine Robert Mangine Abigail Peairs |
| author_facet | Austin Katona Caroline Riewe Angela Bruzina Nicholas J Ollberding Mary Ankrom Jon Divine Robert Mangine Abigail Peairs |
| author_sort | Austin Katona |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Body composition plays a key role in overall health and sports performance and its assessment is an important part of many athletic programs. The purpose of this study was to describe longitudinal changes in body composition for collegiate female soccer players in order to provide data to inform future training and nutrition interventions for this population. A linear mixed-model (LMM) approach was used to analyze four years of pre- and post-season body composition data, including total mass, fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass, and body fat percentage (%BF) for 49 athletes. Athletes gained an average of 0.5 kg FFM during the season (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and increased total mass, FFM, fat mass, and %BF (2.5 kg, 1.1 kg, 1.7 kg, and 1.7%, respectively; <i>p</i> < 0.05) over four years. Freshmen experienced a 1.5 kg gain in total mass pre- to post-season (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while no changes in total mass or body composition were seen in other grade levels. Gains in %BF during the off season between Freshman and Sophomore years represented negative changes in body composition that should be addressed further. These results can help interdisciplinary athlete care teams optimize training programs in this population by understanding what changes are expected over multiple years. Normalizing these changes may also help the promotion of realistic body composition goals and the development of positive training and dietary habits. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:00:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e919ed616544427a80f5b022d0cb204d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2411-5142 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:00:18Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e919ed616544427a80f5b022d0cb204d2023-11-20T15:21:18ZengMDPI AGJournal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology2411-51422020-09-015472010.3390/jfmk5040072Body Composition Changes over Multiple Academic Years in Female Collegiate Soccer PlayersAustin Katona0Caroline Riewe1Angela Bruzina2Nicholas J Ollberding3Mary Ankrom4Jon Divine5Robert Mangine6Abigail Peairs7Department of Rehabilitation, Exercise, and Nutrition Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USADepartment of Rehabilitation, Exercise, and Nutrition Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USADepartment of Rehabilitation, Exercise, and Nutrition Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USADivision of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USADepartment of Athletics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USADepartment of Athletics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USADepartment of Athletics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USADepartment of Rehabilitation, Exercise, and Nutrition Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USABody composition plays a key role in overall health and sports performance and its assessment is an important part of many athletic programs. The purpose of this study was to describe longitudinal changes in body composition for collegiate female soccer players in order to provide data to inform future training and nutrition interventions for this population. A linear mixed-model (LMM) approach was used to analyze four years of pre- and post-season body composition data, including total mass, fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass, and body fat percentage (%BF) for 49 athletes. Athletes gained an average of 0.5 kg FFM during the season (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and increased total mass, FFM, fat mass, and %BF (2.5 kg, 1.1 kg, 1.7 kg, and 1.7%, respectively; <i>p</i> < 0.05) over four years. Freshmen experienced a 1.5 kg gain in total mass pre- to post-season (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while no changes in total mass or body composition were seen in other grade levels. Gains in %BF during the off season between Freshman and Sophomore years represented negative changes in body composition that should be addressed further. These results can help interdisciplinary athlete care teams optimize training programs in this population by understanding what changes are expected over multiple years. Normalizing these changes may also help the promotion of realistic body composition goals and the development of positive training and dietary habits.https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/5/4/72body compositionfemale athletesoccersports nutritionathlete assessmentlongitudinal assessment |
| spellingShingle | Austin Katona Caroline Riewe Angela Bruzina Nicholas J Ollberding Mary Ankrom Jon Divine Robert Mangine Abigail Peairs Body Composition Changes over Multiple Academic Years in Female Collegiate Soccer Players Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology body composition female athlete soccer sports nutrition athlete assessment longitudinal assessment |
| title | Body Composition Changes over Multiple Academic Years in Female Collegiate Soccer Players |
| title_full | Body Composition Changes over Multiple Academic Years in Female Collegiate Soccer Players |
| title_fullStr | Body Composition Changes over Multiple Academic Years in Female Collegiate Soccer Players |
| title_full_unstemmed | Body Composition Changes over Multiple Academic Years in Female Collegiate Soccer Players |
| title_short | Body Composition Changes over Multiple Academic Years in Female Collegiate Soccer Players |
| title_sort | body composition changes over multiple academic years in female collegiate soccer players |
| topic | body composition female athlete soccer sports nutrition athlete assessment longitudinal assessment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/5/4/72 |
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