Impacts of ocean warming on echinoderms: A meta‐analysis
Abstract Rising ocean temperatures are threatening marine species and populations worldwide, and ectothermic taxa are particularly vulnerable. Echinoderms are an ecologically important phylum of marine ectotherms and shifts in their population dynamics can have profound impacts on the marine environ...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Ecology and Evolution |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10307 |
| _version_ | 1797732761987973120 |
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| author | Bethan J. Lang Jennifer M. Donelson Kevin R. Bairos‐Novak Carolyn R. Wheeler Ciemon F. Caballes Sven Uthicke Morgan S. Pratchett |
| author_facet | Bethan J. Lang Jennifer M. Donelson Kevin R. Bairos‐Novak Carolyn R. Wheeler Ciemon F. Caballes Sven Uthicke Morgan S. Pratchett |
| author_sort | Bethan J. Lang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Rising ocean temperatures are threatening marine species and populations worldwide, and ectothermic taxa are particularly vulnerable. Echinoderms are an ecologically important phylum of marine ectotherms and shifts in their population dynamics can have profound impacts on the marine environment. The effects of warming on echinoderms are highly variable across controlled laboratory‐based studies. Accordingly, synthesis of these studies will facilitate the better understanding of broad patterns in responses of echinoderms to ocean warming. Herein, a meta‐analysis incorporating the results of 85 studies (710 individual responses) is presented, exploring the effects of warming on various performance predictors. The mean responses of echinoderms to all magnitudes of warming were compared across multiple biological responses, ontogenetic life stages, taxonomic classes, and regions, facilitated by multivariate linear mixed effects models. Further models were conducted, which only incorporated responses to warming greater than the projected end‐of‐century mean annual temperatures at the collection sites. This meta‐analysis provides evidence that ocean warming will generally accelerate metabolic rate (+32%) and reduce survival (−35%) in echinoderms, and echinoderms from subtropical (−9%) and tropical (−8%) regions will be the most vulnerable. The relatively high vulnerability of echinoderm larvae to warming (−20%) indicates that this life stage may be a significant developmental bottleneck in the near‐future, likely reducing successful recruitment into populations. Furthermore, asteroids appear to be the class of echinoderms that are most negatively affected by elevated temperature (−30%). When considering only responses to magnitudes of warming representative of end‐of‐century climate change projections, the negative impacts on asteroids, tropical species and juveniles were exacerbated (−51%, −34% and −40% respectively). The results of these analyses enable better predictions of how keystone and invasive echinoderm species may perform in a warmer ocean, and the possible consequences for populations, communities and ecosystems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:18:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e91ead51f5fc424e9c59cb5ffe25f7c1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-7758 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:18:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecology and Evolution |
| spelling | doaj.art-e91ead51f5fc424e9c59cb5ffe25f7c12023-08-30T06:50:40ZengWileyEcology and Evolution2045-77582023-08-01138n/an/a10.1002/ece3.10307Impacts of ocean warming on echinoderms: A meta‐analysisBethan J. Lang0Jennifer M. Donelson1Kevin R. Bairos‐Novak2Carolyn R. Wheeler3Ciemon F. Caballes4Sven Uthicke5Morgan S. Pratchett6Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies James Cook University Townsville Queensland AustraliaAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies James Cook University Townsville Queensland AustraliaAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies James Cook University Townsville Queensland AustraliaAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies James Cook University Townsville Queensland AustraliaAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies James Cook University Townsville Queensland AustraliaAustralian Institute of Marine Science Townsville Queensland AustraliaAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies James Cook University Townsville Queensland AustraliaAbstract Rising ocean temperatures are threatening marine species and populations worldwide, and ectothermic taxa are particularly vulnerable. Echinoderms are an ecologically important phylum of marine ectotherms and shifts in their population dynamics can have profound impacts on the marine environment. The effects of warming on echinoderms are highly variable across controlled laboratory‐based studies. Accordingly, synthesis of these studies will facilitate the better understanding of broad patterns in responses of echinoderms to ocean warming. Herein, a meta‐analysis incorporating the results of 85 studies (710 individual responses) is presented, exploring the effects of warming on various performance predictors. The mean responses of echinoderms to all magnitudes of warming were compared across multiple biological responses, ontogenetic life stages, taxonomic classes, and regions, facilitated by multivariate linear mixed effects models. Further models were conducted, which only incorporated responses to warming greater than the projected end‐of‐century mean annual temperatures at the collection sites. This meta‐analysis provides evidence that ocean warming will generally accelerate metabolic rate (+32%) and reduce survival (−35%) in echinoderms, and echinoderms from subtropical (−9%) and tropical (−8%) regions will be the most vulnerable. The relatively high vulnerability of echinoderm larvae to warming (−20%) indicates that this life stage may be a significant developmental bottleneck in the near‐future, likely reducing successful recruitment into populations. Furthermore, asteroids appear to be the class of echinoderms that are most negatively affected by elevated temperature (−30%). When considering only responses to magnitudes of warming representative of end‐of‐century climate change projections, the negative impacts on asteroids, tropical species and juveniles were exacerbated (−51%, −34% and −40% respectively). The results of these analyses enable better predictions of how keystone and invasive echinoderm species may perform in a warmer ocean, and the possible consequences for populations, communities and ecosystems.https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10307brittle starsclimate changeenvironmental changeglobal ecologylife stageregion |
| spellingShingle | Bethan J. Lang Jennifer M. Donelson Kevin R. Bairos‐Novak Carolyn R. Wheeler Ciemon F. Caballes Sven Uthicke Morgan S. Pratchett Impacts of ocean warming on echinoderms: A meta‐analysis Ecology and Evolution brittle stars climate change environmental change global ecology life stage region |
| title | Impacts of ocean warming on echinoderms: A meta‐analysis |
| title_full | Impacts of ocean warming on echinoderms: A meta‐analysis |
| title_fullStr | Impacts of ocean warming on echinoderms: A meta‐analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impacts of ocean warming on echinoderms: A meta‐analysis |
| title_short | Impacts of ocean warming on echinoderms: A meta‐analysis |
| title_sort | impacts of ocean warming on echinoderms a meta analysis |
| topic | brittle stars climate change environmental change global ecology life stage region |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10307 |
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