Post-Bloom CPPU Application Is Effective at Improving Fruit Set and Suppressing Coloration but Ineffective at Increasing Fruit Size in Litchi
This study aimed to provide a reference for the practical use of forchlorfenuron (CPPU) in the improvement of fruit set and quality (especially size) in litchi (<i>Litchi chinensis</i> Sonn.). CPPU at 5 mg/L was sprayed to fruit clusters of ‘Feizixiao’ at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after female...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Horticulturae |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/12/1096 |
| _version_ | 1797457437204152320 |
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| author | Xinsheng Liu Yecheng Luo Huicong Wang Xuming Huang |
| author_facet | Xinsheng Liu Yecheng Luo Huicong Wang Xuming Huang |
| author_sort | Xinsheng Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to provide a reference for the practical use of forchlorfenuron (CPPU) in the improvement of fruit set and quality (especially size) in litchi (<i>Litchi chinensis</i> Sonn.). CPPU at 5 mg/L was sprayed to fruit clusters of ‘Feizixiao’ at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after female bloom (WAFB) in 2017 and at 2, 4, 6, 8, 9 or 10 WAFB in 2018, with spraying water as the control. The treatments were all effective at suppressing fruit abscission, resulting in higher fruit retention at harvest. Except for treatment at 2 WAFB, which caused stunted fruit and significantly reduced fruit weight, all the treatments had no significant influence on fruit weight and flesh (aril) weight, although CPPU tended to increase pericarp weight and strongly suppressed fruit coloration, and such effects were most significant in treatments at 4, 6 and 8 WAFB. Content of total soluble solids (TSS) in commercially ripe fruit (11WAFB) was not significantly influenced by CPPU applied at any of the stages. Ripe fruit continued to gain redness but lost TSS as it became overripe. CPPU suppressed redness gaining, the effect being stronger in later application. The treatments did not influence TSS loss, but treatments at 4, 6 and 8 WAFB significantly reduced the increase in fruit membrane leakage. In treatment at 6 WAFB, CPPU residue in the pericarp decreased sharply with time but relatively constant in the aril, where it maintained lower than 10 μg/kg, the maximal residue limitation in Australia and the United States. The results suggest that 5 mg/L CPPU is effective at improving fruit set and suppressing fruit pigmentation but has no significant effect on fruit size and TSS accumulation or maintenance in litchi. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:22:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e9224bc6f1134471a00a667d3ed014a7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-7524 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:22:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj.art-e9224bc6f1134471a00a667d3ed014a72023-11-24T15:14:29ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242022-11-01812109610.3390/horticulturae8121096Post-Bloom CPPU Application Is Effective at Improving Fruit Set and Suppressing Coloration but Ineffective at Increasing Fruit Size in LitchiXinsheng Liu0Yecheng Luo1Huicong Wang2Xuming Huang3College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaThis study aimed to provide a reference for the practical use of forchlorfenuron (CPPU) in the improvement of fruit set and quality (especially size) in litchi (<i>Litchi chinensis</i> Sonn.). CPPU at 5 mg/L was sprayed to fruit clusters of ‘Feizixiao’ at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after female bloom (WAFB) in 2017 and at 2, 4, 6, 8, 9 or 10 WAFB in 2018, with spraying water as the control. The treatments were all effective at suppressing fruit abscission, resulting in higher fruit retention at harvest. Except for treatment at 2 WAFB, which caused stunted fruit and significantly reduced fruit weight, all the treatments had no significant influence on fruit weight and flesh (aril) weight, although CPPU tended to increase pericarp weight and strongly suppressed fruit coloration, and such effects were most significant in treatments at 4, 6 and 8 WAFB. Content of total soluble solids (TSS) in commercially ripe fruit (11WAFB) was not significantly influenced by CPPU applied at any of the stages. Ripe fruit continued to gain redness but lost TSS as it became overripe. CPPU suppressed redness gaining, the effect being stronger in later application. The treatments did not influence TSS loss, but treatments at 4, 6 and 8 WAFB significantly reduced the increase in fruit membrane leakage. In treatment at 6 WAFB, CPPU residue in the pericarp decreased sharply with time but relatively constant in the aril, where it maintained lower than 10 μg/kg, the maximal residue limitation in Australia and the United States. The results suggest that 5 mg/L CPPU is effective at improving fruit set and suppressing fruit pigmentation but has no significant effect on fruit size and TSS accumulation or maintenance in litchi.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/12/1096litchiCPPUfruit setfruit maturationquality |
| spellingShingle | Xinsheng Liu Yecheng Luo Huicong Wang Xuming Huang Post-Bloom CPPU Application Is Effective at Improving Fruit Set and Suppressing Coloration but Ineffective at Increasing Fruit Size in Litchi Horticulturae litchi CPPU fruit set fruit maturation quality |
| title | Post-Bloom CPPU Application Is Effective at Improving Fruit Set and Suppressing Coloration but Ineffective at Increasing Fruit Size in Litchi |
| title_full | Post-Bloom CPPU Application Is Effective at Improving Fruit Set and Suppressing Coloration but Ineffective at Increasing Fruit Size in Litchi |
| title_fullStr | Post-Bloom CPPU Application Is Effective at Improving Fruit Set and Suppressing Coloration but Ineffective at Increasing Fruit Size in Litchi |
| title_full_unstemmed | Post-Bloom CPPU Application Is Effective at Improving Fruit Set and Suppressing Coloration but Ineffective at Increasing Fruit Size in Litchi |
| title_short | Post-Bloom CPPU Application Is Effective at Improving Fruit Set and Suppressing Coloration but Ineffective at Increasing Fruit Size in Litchi |
| title_sort | post bloom cppu application is effective at improving fruit set and suppressing coloration but ineffective at increasing fruit size in litchi |
| topic | litchi CPPU fruit set fruit maturation quality |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/12/1096 |
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