MicroRNA biomarkers in leprosy: insights from the Northern Brazilian Amazon population and their implications in disease immune-physiopathology
Leprosy, or Hansen’s Disease, is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae that affects millions of people worldwide. Despite persistent efforts to combat it leprosy remains a significant public health concern particularly in developing countries. The underlying pathophysiology of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Genetics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2024.1320161/full |
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| author | Miguel Ángel Cáceres-Durán Pablo Pinto Pablo Pinto Leandro Magalhães Tatiane Piedade de Souza Angelica Gobbo Josafá Gonçalves Barreto Moises Batista da Silva Moises Batista da Silva Patrícia Fagundes da Costa Claudio Guedes Salgado Ândrea Ribeiro-dos-Santos |
| author_facet | Miguel Ángel Cáceres-Durán Pablo Pinto Pablo Pinto Leandro Magalhães Tatiane Piedade de Souza Angelica Gobbo Josafá Gonçalves Barreto Moises Batista da Silva Moises Batista da Silva Patrícia Fagundes da Costa Claudio Guedes Salgado Ândrea Ribeiro-dos-Santos |
| author_sort | Miguel Ángel Cáceres-Durán |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Leprosy, or Hansen’s Disease, is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae that affects millions of people worldwide. Despite persistent efforts to combat it leprosy remains a significant public health concern particularly in developing countries. The underlying pathophysiology of the disease is not yet fully understood hindering the development of effective treatment strategies. However, recent studies have shed light on the potential role of microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNA molecules that can regulate gene expression, as promising biomarkers in various disease, including leprosy. This study aimed to validate a set of nine circulating miRNAs to propose new biomarkers for early diagnosis of the disease. Hsa-miR-16-5p, hsa-miR-106b-5p, hsa-miR-1291, hsa-miR-144-5p, and hsa-miR-20a-5p showed significant differential expression between non-leprosy group (non-LP) and leprosy group (LP), accurately discriminating between them (AUC > 0.75). In addition, our study revealed gender-based differences in miRNA expression in LP. Notably, hsa-miR-1291 showed higher expression in male LP, suggesting its potential as a male-specific biomarker. Similarly, hsa-miR-16-5p and hsa-miR-20a-5p displayed elevated expression in female LP, indicating their potential as female-specific biomarkers. Additionally, several studied miRNAs are involved in the dysregulation of apoptosis, autophagy, mitophagy, cell cycle, and immune system in leprosy. In conclusion, the validation of miRNA expression highlights several miRNAs as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and provides new insights into the pathogenesis of the disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:43:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e93ac9b96f3a42909a557f7dbaadfc4b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-8021 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:43:58Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-e93ac9b96f3a42909a557f7dbaadfc4b2024-01-25T04:22:55ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Genetics1664-80212024-01-011510.3389/fgene.2024.13201611320161MicroRNA biomarkers in leprosy: insights from the Northern Brazilian Amazon population and their implications in disease immune-physiopathologyMiguel Ángel Cáceres-Durán0Pablo Pinto1Pablo Pinto2Leandro Magalhães3Tatiane Piedade de Souza4Angelica Gobbo5Josafá Gonçalves Barreto6Moises Batista da Silva7Moises Batista da Silva8Patrícia Fagundes da Costa9Claudio Guedes Salgado10Ândrea Ribeiro-dos-Santos11Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, BrazilLaboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, BrazilLaboratório de Dermato-Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Marituba, BrazilLaboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, BrazilLaboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, BrazilLaboratório de Dermato-Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Marituba, BrazilLaboratório de Epidemiologia Espacial, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Castanhal, BrazilLaboratório de Dermato-Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Marituba, BrazilLaboratório de Patologia Geral, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, BrazilLaboratório de Dermato-Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Marituba, BrazilLaboratório de Epidemiologia Espacial, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Castanhal, BrazilLaboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, BrazilLeprosy, or Hansen’s Disease, is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae that affects millions of people worldwide. Despite persistent efforts to combat it leprosy remains a significant public health concern particularly in developing countries. The underlying pathophysiology of the disease is not yet fully understood hindering the development of effective treatment strategies. However, recent studies have shed light on the potential role of microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNA molecules that can regulate gene expression, as promising biomarkers in various disease, including leprosy. This study aimed to validate a set of nine circulating miRNAs to propose new biomarkers for early diagnosis of the disease. Hsa-miR-16-5p, hsa-miR-106b-5p, hsa-miR-1291, hsa-miR-144-5p, and hsa-miR-20a-5p showed significant differential expression between non-leprosy group (non-LP) and leprosy group (LP), accurately discriminating between them (AUC > 0.75). In addition, our study revealed gender-based differences in miRNA expression in LP. Notably, hsa-miR-1291 showed higher expression in male LP, suggesting its potential as a male-specific biomarker. Similarly, hsa-miR-16-5p and hsa-miR-20a-5p displayed elevated expression in female LP, indicating their potential as female-specific biomarkers. Additionally, several studied miRNAs are involved in the dysregulation of apoptosis, autophagy, mitophagy, cell cycle, and immune system in leprosy. In conclusion, the validation of miRNA expression highlights several miRNAs as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and provides new insights into the pathogenesis of the disease.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2024.1320161/fullleprosymicroRNAapoptosisautophagymitophagyimmune system |
| spellingShingle | Miguel Ángel Cáceres-Durán Pablo Pinto Pablo Pinto Leandro Magalhães Tatiane Piedade de Souza Angelica Gobbo Josafá Gonçalves Barreto Moises Batista da Silva Moises Batista da Silva Patrícia Fagundes da Costa Claudio Guedes Salgado Ândrea Ribeiro-dos-Santos MicroRNA biomarkers in leprosy: insights from the Northern Brazilian Amazon population and their implications in disease immune-physiopathology Frontiers in Genetics leprosy microRNA apoptosis autophagy mitophagy immune system |
| title | MicroRNA biomarkers in leprosy: insights from the Northern Brazilian Amazon population and their implications in disease immune-physiopathology |
| title_full | MicroRNA biomarkers in leprosy: insights from the Northern Brazilian Amazon population and their implications in disease immune-physiopathology |
| title_fullStr | MicroRNA biomarkers in leprosy: insights from the Northern Brazilian Amazon population and their implications in disease immune-physiopathology |
| title_full_unstemmed | MicroRNA biomarkers in leprosy: insights from the Northern Brazilian Amazon population and their implications in disease immune-physiopathology |
| title_short | MicroRNA biomarkers in leprosy: insights from the Northern Brazilian Amazon population and their implications in disease immune-physiopathology |
| title_sort | microrna biomarkers in leprosy insights from the northern brazilian amazon population and their implications in disease immune physiopathology |
| topic | leprosy microRNA apoptosis autophagy mitophagy immune system |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2024.1320161/full |
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