Resilience Programs for Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Resilience may be defined as the ability to recover and adapt to adverse situations. Given that resilience involves cognitive and behavioral aspects, it could be promoted based on strategies that favor them, especially during childhood and adolescence. As a result, several resilience-focused program...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-11-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.754115/full |
| _version_ | 1818929383820230656 |
|---|---|
| author | Tatiana Matheus Pinto Paulo Guirro Laurence Cristiane Rufino Macedo Elizeu Coutinho Macedo |
| author_facet | Tatiana Matheus Pinto Paulo Guirro Laurence Cristiane Rufino Macedo Elizeu Coutinho Macedo |
| author_sort | Tatiana Matheus Pinto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Resilience may be defined as the ability to recover and adapt to adverse situations. Given that resilience involves cognitive and behavioral aspects, it could be promoted based on strategies that favor them, especially during childhood and adolescence. As a result, several resilience-focused programs have been developed and studied. This systematic review of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) aimed to assess resilience-focused programs for children (<12 years old) and adolescents (12–22 years old) compared to active (treatment as usual, other program modalities, and educational curriculum at school) or inactive (waiting list, no treatment) control groups. We performed a systematic review of meta-analyses of RCTs. The following databases were searched: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO. Two authors independently selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the studies’ risk of bias. Meta-analyses of random effects were conducted to calculate the standard mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of program effectiveness. Of the 17 RCTs that met the inclusion criteria, 13 provided sufficient data to assess the effectiveness of the programs after their implementation. Meta-analyses indicated overall effectiveness of the programs in promoting resilience (SMD = 0.48, 95% CI [0.15, 0.81], p = 0.0077). The subgroup analysis indicated effectiveness only among adolescents’ resilience (SMD = 0.48, 95% CI [0.08, 0.88], p = 0.02). The follow-up analysis also indicated evidence of continuation of results within a period of up to 6 months up (SMD = 0.12, 95% CI [−0.44, 0.69], p = 0.02). These results indicated the effectiveness of promoting resilience, especially in adolescents, and its continuation in follow-up analyses. These findings are promising in the field of resilience programs; however, further studies are necessary to analyze the different possible characteristics of programs and their results.Clinical Trial Registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020179874], [CRD42020179874]. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T03:43:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e9454fe60e3540578e94c642ea24e218 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T03:43:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e9454fe60e3540578e94c642ea24e2182022-12-21T19:54:41ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782021-11-011210.3389/fpsyg.2021.754115754115Resilience Programs for Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisTatiana Matheus Pinto0Paulo Guirro Laurence1Cristiane Rufino Macedo2Elizeu Coutinho Macedo3Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, BrazilSocial and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, BrazilBrazilian Cochrane Center, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilSocial and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, BrazilResilience may be defined as the ability to recover and adapt to adverse situations. Given that resilience involves cognitive and behavioral aspects, it could be promoted based on strategies that favor them, especially during childhood and adolescence. As a result, several resilience-focused programs have been developed and studied. This systematic review of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) aimed to assess resilience-focused programs for children (<12 years old) and adolescents (12–22 years old) compared to active (treatment as usual, other program modalities, and educational curriculum at school) or inactive (waiting list, no treatment) control groups. We performed a systematic review of meta-analyses of RCTs. The following databases were searched: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO. Two authors independently selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the studies’ risk of bias. Meta-analyses of random effects were conducted to calculate the standard mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of program effectiveness. Of the 17 RCTs that met the inclusion criteria, 13 provided sufficient data to assess the effectiveness of the programs after their implementation. Meta-analyses indicated overall effectiveness of the programs in promoting resilience (SMD = 0.48, 95% CI [0.15, 0.81], p = 0.0077). The subgroup analysis indicated effectiveness only among adolescents’ resilience (SMD = 0.48, 95% CI [0.08, 0.88], p = 0.02). The follow-up analysis also indicated evidence of continuation of results within a period of up to 6 months up (SMD = 0.12, 95% CI [−0.44, 0.69], p = 0.02). These results indicated the effectiveness of promoting resilience, especially in adolescents, and its continuation in follow-up analyses. These findings are promising in the field of resilience programs; however, further studies are necessary to analyze the different possible characteristics of programs and their results.Clinical Trial Registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020179874], [CRD42020179874].https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.754115/fullresilienceprogramchildrenadolescentssystematic review |
| spellingShingle | Tatiana Matheus Pinto Paulo Guirro Laurence Cristiane Rufino Macedo Elizeu Coutinho Macedo Resilience Programs for Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Frontiers in Psychology resilience program children adolescents systematic review |
| title | Resilience Programs for Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_full | Resilience Programs for Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Resilience Programs for Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Resilience Programs for Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_short | Resilience Programs for Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_sort | resilience programs for children and adolescents a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | resilience program children adolescents systematic review |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.754115/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tatianamatheuspinto resilienceprogramsforchildrenandadolescentsasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT pauloguirrolaurence resilienceprogramsforchildrenandadolescentsasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT cristianerufinomacedo resilienceprogramsforchildrenandadolescentsasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT elizeucoutinhomacedo resilienceprogramsforchildrenandadolescentsasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis |