Degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and some of their metabolites: A long-term lysimeter experiment
The degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and their metabolites N-methyl-bentazone, desethyl-terbuthylazine, 2-hydroxy-terbuthylazine, metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid (ESA) and metolachlor oxanilic acid (OA) were investigated using the plant protection products Art...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences
2019-05-01
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| Series: | Plant, Soil and Environment |
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| Online Access: | https://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/pse-201905-0008_degradation-and-leaching-of-bentazone-terbuthylazine-and-s-metolachlor-and-some-of-their-metabolites-a-long-t.php |
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| author | Andrea Schuhmann Gernot Klammler Stefan Weiss Oliver Gans Johann Fank Georg Haberhauer Martin H. Gerzabek |
| author_facet | Andrea Schuhmann Gernot Klammler Stefan Weiss Oliver Gans Johann Fank Georg Haberhauer Martin H. Gerzabek |
| author_sort | Andrea Schuhmann |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and their metabolites N-methyl-bentazone, desethyl-terbuthylazine, 2-hydroxy-terbuthylazine, metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid (ESA) and metolachlor oxanilic acid (OA) were investigated using the plant protection products Artett (bentazone/terbuthylazine), Gardo Gold (S-metolachlor/terbuthylazine) and Dual Gold (S-metolachlor) applied to a weighable, monolithic, high precision lysimeter with a loamy, sandy soil. Artett and Gardo Gold were applied at higher doses than recommended according to good agricultural practice. In leachate, S-metolachlor was detected at concentrations of up to 0.15 µg/L, whereas metolachlor-ESA and metolachlor-OA were present at higher concentrations of up to 37 µg/L and 8.4 µg/L, respectively. In a second terbuthylazine application, concentrations of desethyl-terbuthylazine of up to 0.1 µg/L were detected. In soil, bentazone degraded faster than terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor, whereas the metabolization of terbuthylazine after the second application resulted in an enhanced formation of desethyl-terbuthylazine and a highly increased hydroxylation of terbuthylazine. The importance of analysing both parent compounds and metabolites on a long-term scale was demonstrated to better understand the environmental fate and transport. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T08:09:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e9472be9eb0e4bd789f11719874e40c1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1214-1178 1805-9368 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T08:09:07Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plant, Soil and Environment |
| spelling | doaj.art-e9472be9eb0e4bd789f11719874e40c12023-02-23T03:46:46ZengCzech Academy of Agricultural SciencesPlant, Soil and Environment1214-11781805-93682019-05-0165527328110.17221/803/2018-PSEpse-201905-0008Degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and some of their metabolites: A long-term lysimeter experimentAndrea Schuhmann0Gernot Klammler1Stefan Weiss2Oliver Gans3Johann Fank4Georg Haberhauer5Martin H. Gerzabek6Environment Agency Austria, Environmental Analysis, Vienna, AustriaJR-AquaConSol GmbH, Graz, AustriaEnvironment Agency Austria, Environmental Analysis, Vienna, AustriaEnvironment Agency Austria, Environmental Analysis, Vienna, AustriaJR-AquaConSol GmbH, Graz, AustriaDepartment of Forest and Soil Science, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Forest and Soil Science, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, AustriaThe degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and their metabolites N-methyl-bentazone, desethyl-terbuthylazine, 2-hydroxy-terbuthylazine, metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid (ESA) and metolachlor oxanilic acid (OA) were investigated using the plant protection products Artett (bentazone/terbuthylazine), Gardo Gold (S-metolachlor/terbuthylazine) and Dual Gold (S-metolachlor) applied to a weighable, monolithic, high precision lysimeter with a loamy, sandy soil. Artett and Gardo Gold were applied at higher doses than recommended according to good agricultural practice. In leachate, S-metolachlor was detected at concentrations of up to 0.15 µg/L, whereas metolachlor-ESA and metolachlor-OA were present at higher concentrations of up to 37 µg/L and 8.4 µg/L, respectively. In a second terbuthylazine application, concentrations of desethyl-terbuthylazine of up to 0.1 µg/L were detected. In soil, bentazone degraded faster than terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor, whereas the metabolization of terbuthylazine after the second application resulted in an enhanced formation of desethyl-terbuthylazine and a highly increased hydroxylation of terbuthylazine. The importance of analysing both parent compounds and metabolites on a long-term scale was demonstrated to better understand the environmental fate and transport.https://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/pse-201905-0008_degradation-and-leaching-of-bentazone-terbuthylazine-and-s-metolachlor-and-some-of-their-metabolites-a-long-t.phpagricultureherbicidecontaminationmetabolism |
| spellingShingle | Andrea Schuhmann Gernot Klammler Stefan Weiss Oliver Gans Johann Fank Georg Haberhauer Martin H. Gerzabek Degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and some of their metabolites: A long-term lysimeter experiment Plant, Soil and Environment agriculture herbicide contamination metabolism |
| title | Degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and some of their metabolites: A long-term lysimeter experiment |
| title_full | Degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and some of their metabolites: A long-term lysimeter experiment |
| title_fullStr | Degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and some of their metabolites: A long-term lysimeter experiment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and some of their metabolites: A long-term lysimeter experiment |
| title_short | Degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and some of their metabolites: A long-term lysimeter experiment |
| title_sort | degradation and leaching of bentazone terbuthylazine and s metolachlor and some of their metabolites a long term lysimeter experiment |
| topic | agriculture herbicide contamination metabolism |
| url | https://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/pse-201905-0008_degradation-and-leaching-of-bentazone-terbuthylazine-and-s-metolachlor-and-some-of-their-metabolites-a-long-t.php |
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