Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Enhance Soil Key Enzymes, Plant Growth, Seed Yield, and Qualitative Attributes of Guar
Guar is an economically important legume crop that is used for gum production. The clean and sustainable production of guar, especially in newly reclaimed lands, requires biofertilizers that can reduce the use of mineral fertilizers, which have harmful effects on human health and the environment. Th...
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| author | Ahmed M. El-Sawah Ali El-Keblawy Dina Fathi Ismail Ali Heba M. Ibrahim Mohamed A. El-Sheikh Anket Sharma Yousef Alhaj Hamoud Hiba Shaghaleh Marian Brestic Milan Skalicky You-Cai Xiong Mohamed S. Sheteiwy |
| author_facet | Ahmed M. El-Sawah Ali El-Keblawy Dina Fathi Ismail Ali Heba M. Ibrahim Mohamed A. El-Sheikh Anket Sharma Yousef Alhaj Hamoud Hiba Shaghaleh Marian Brestic Milan Skalicky You-Cai Xiong Mohamed S. Sheteiwy |
| author_sort | Ahmed M. El-Sawah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Guar is an economically important legume crop that is used for gum production. The clean and sustainable production of guar, especially in newly reclaimed lands, requires biofertilizers that can reduce the use of mineral fertilizers, which have harmful effects on human health and the environment. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of biofertilizers produced from <i>Bradyrhizobium</i> sp., <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), individually or in combinations, on microbial activity, and nutrients of the soils and the guar growth and seed quality and yield. The application of biofertilizers improved shoot length, root length, number of branches, plant dry weight, leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll content, and nutrient uptake of guar plants compared with the control plants. Moreover, the application with biofertilizers resulted in an obvious increase in seed yield and has improved the total proteins, carbohydrates, fats, starch, and guaran contents in the seeds. Additionally, biofertilizer treatments have improved the soil microbial activity by increasing dehydrogenase, phosphatase, protease, and invertase enzymes. Soil inoculation with the optimized doses of biofertilizers saved about 25% of the chemical fertilizers required for the entire guar growth stages. Our results could serve as a practical strategy for further research into integrated plant-microbe interaction in agriculture. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:20:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e94edb0f0c19452484ac6196ce7d1ace |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:20:16Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-e94edb0f0c19452484ac6196ce7d1ace2023-12-03T11:49:15ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722021-02-0111319410.3390/agriculture11030194Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Enhance Soil Key Enzymes, Plant Growth, Seed Yield, and Qualitative Attributes of GuarAhmed M. El-Sawah0Ali El-Keblawy1Dina Fathi Ismail Ali2Heba M. Ibrahim3Mohamed A. El-Sheikh4Anket Sharma5Yousef Alhaj Hamoud6Hiba Shaghaleh7Marian Brestic8Milan Skalicky9You-Cai Xiong10Mohamed S. Sheteiwy11Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptDepartment of Applied Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptBotany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaState Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, ChinaCollege of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, ChinaJiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaDepartment of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 16500 Prague, Czech RepublicState Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Institute of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaDepartment of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptGuar is an economically important legume crop that is used for gum production. The clean and sustainable production of guar, especially in newly reclaimed lands, requires biofertilizers that can reduce the use of mineral fertilizers, which have harmful effects on human health and the environment. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of biofertilizers produced from <i>Bradyrhizobium</i> sp., <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), individually or in combinations, on microbial activity, and nutrients of the soils and the guar growth and seed quality and yield. The application of biofertilizers improved shoot length, root length, number of branches, plant dry weight, leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll content, and nutrient uptake of guar plants compared with the control plants. Moreover, the application with biofertilizers resulted in an obvious increase in seed yield and has improved the total proteins, carbohydrates, fats, starch, and guaran contents in the seeds. Additionally, biofertilizer treatments have improved the soil microbial activity by increasing dehydrogenase, phosphatase, protease, and invertase enzymes. Soil inoculation with the optimized doses of biofertilizers saved about 25% of the chemical fertilizers required for the entire guar growth stages. Our results could serve as a practical strategy for further research into integrated plant-microbe interaction in agriculture.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/3/194<i>Cyamopsis tetragonoloba</i>chemical fertilizerscolonizationseed qualityguaran |
| spellingShingle | Ahmed M. El-Sawah Ali El-Keblawy Dina Fathi Ismail Ali Heba M. Ibrahim Mohamed A. El-Sheikh Anket Sharma Yousef Alhaj Hamoud Hiba Shaghaleh Marian Brestic Milan Skalicky You-Cai Xiong Mohamed S. Sheteiwy Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Enhance Soil Key Enzymes, Plant Growth, Seed Yield, and Qualitative Attributes of Guar Agriculture <i>Cyamopsis tetragonoloba</i> chemical fertilizers colonization seed quality guaran |
| title | Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Enhance Soil Key Enzymes, Plant Growth, Seed Yield, and Qualitative Attributes of Guar |
| title_full | Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Enhance Soil Key Enzymes, Plant Growth, Seed Yield, and Qualitative Attributes of Guar |
| title_fullStr | Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Enhance Soil Key Enzymes, Plant Growth, Seed Yield, and Qualitative Attributes of Guar |
| title_full_unstemmed | Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Enhance Soil Key Enzymes, Plant Growth, Seed Yield, and Qualitative Attributes of Guar |
| title_short | Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Enhance Soil Key Enzymes, Plant Growth, Seed Yield, and Qualitative Attributes of Guar |
| title_sort | arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria enhance soil key enzymes plant growth seed yield and qualitative attributes of guar |
| topic | <i>Cyamopsis tetragonoloba</i> chemical fertilizers colonization seed quality guaran |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/3/194 |
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