Development of a Multiplex PCR and Magnetic DNA Capture Assay for Detecting Six Species Pathogens of the Genera <i>Anaplasma</i> and <i>Ehrlichia</i> in Canine, Bovine, Caprine and Ovine Blood Samples from Grenada, West Indies

Infections with tick-borne pathogens belonging to <i>Anaplasma/Ehrlichia</i> in various vertebrate hosts are a persistent problem resulting in nonspecific clinical signs during early infection. Diagnosis of single and multi-infections with these pathogens, causing diseases in companion/a...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Bhumika Sharma, Roman R. Ganta, Diana Stone, Andy Alhassan, Marta Lanza-Perea, Vanessa Matthew Belmar, Inga Karasek, Elizabeth Cooksey, Catherine M. Butler, Kathryn Gibson, Melinda J. Wilkerson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-02-01
Series:Pathogens
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/2/192
Description
Summary:Infections with tick-borne pathogens belonging to <i>Anaplasma/Ehrlichia</i> in various vertebrate hosts are a persistent problem resulting in nonspecific clinical signs during early infection. Diagnosis of single and multi-infections with these pathogens, causing diseases in companion/agricultural animals and people, remains a challenge. Traditional methods of diagnosis, such as microscopy and serology, have low sensitivity and specificity. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays are widely used to detect early-phase infections, since these have high sensitivity and specificity. We report the development and validation of an assay involving PCR followed by magnetic capture method using species-specific oligonucleotides to detect six <i>Anaplasma/Ehrlichia</i> species pathogens in canine, bovine, caprine, and ovine blood samples. Overall, the assay application to 455 samples detected 30.1% (137/455) positives for one or more out of six screened pathogens. Single-pathogen infections were observed in 94.9% (130/137) of the positive samples, while co-infections were detected in 5.1% (7/137). <i>Anaplasma marginale</i> infection in cattle had the highest detection rate (34.4%), followed by canines positive for <i>Anaplasma platys</i> (16.4%) and <i>Ehrlichia canis</i> (13.9%). The assay aided in documenting the first molecular evidence for <i>A. marginale</i> in cattle and small ruminants and <i>Ehrlichia chaffeensis</i> and <i>Ehrlichia ewingii</i> in dogs in the Caribbean island of Grenada.
ISSN:2076-0817