The Impact of Different Sources of Zinc, Manganese, and Copper on Broiler Performance and Excreta Output
Commercial premixes provide trace minerals (TM) such as zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) in excess of the requirements to maximize broiler performance. High inclusion levels of TM in broiler feed and their low absorption in the gastrointestinal tract leads to increased levels of TM in the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/9/1067 |
| _version_ | 1827673474257125376 |
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| author | Steven Bryan Franklin Marion Belinda Young Mariana Ciacciariello |
| author_facet | Steven Bryan Franklin Marion Belinda Young Mariana Ciacciariello |
| author_sort | Steven Bryan Franklin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Commercial premixes provide trace minerals (TM) such as zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) in excess of the requirements to maximize broiler performance. High inclusion levels of TM in broiler feed and their low absorption in the gastrointestinal tract leads to increased levels of TM in the excreta, resulting in the contamination of the environment. A 35-day broiler trial was conducted with 2880 one-day-old Cobb broiler males to test the effect of the supplementation of different sources of TM on growth performance, while evaluating levels in the excreta. Inorganic (ITM), organic (OTM), and hydroxy (HTM) sources of TM were tested against a positive control of current recommended levels of ITM. At 35 d, birds fed HTM were 55 g (<i>p</i> < 0.05) heavier than those fed ITM at the same inclusion level. In contrast, birds fed the control, OTM, and HTM showed no significant difference in body weight. Providing broilers with HTM significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) reduced Zn and Cu excretion at 35 d of when compared to those who were fed diets containing ITM or PC. Supplementing different sources of TM to broiler diets at levels below the recommendations showed no negative effect on broiler performance. The use of HTM significantly reduced TM excretion in broilers. The use of HTM in broiler diets can maintain broiler performance and reduce the negative impact on the environment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:25:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e9543af40a394d3a9cdd61d501b570b2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:25:18Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-e9543af40a394d3a9cdd61d501b570b22023-11-23T07:41:56ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-04-01129106710.3390/ani12091067The Impact of Different Sources of Zinc, Manganese, and Copper on Broiler Performance and Excreta OutputSteven Bryan Franklin0Marion Belinda Young1Mariana Ciacciariello2Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3201, South AfricaDepartment of Animal and Poultry Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3201, South AfricaDepartment of Animal and Poultry Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3201, South AfricaCommercial premixes provide trace minerals (TM) such as zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) in excess of the requirements to maximize broiler performance. High inclusion levels of TM in broiler feed and their low absorption in the gastrointestinal tract leads to increased levels of TM in the excreta, resulting in the contamination of the environment. A 35-day broiler trial was conducted with 2880 one-day-old Cobb broiler males to test the effect of the supplementation of different sources of TM on growth performance, while evaluating levels in the excreta. Inorganic (ITM), organic (OTM), and hydroxy (HTM) sources of TM were tested against a positive control of current recommended levels of ITM. At 35 d, birds fed HTM were 55 g (<i>p</i> < 0.05) heavier than those fed ITM at the same inclusion level. In contrast, birds fed the control, OTM, and HTM showed no significant difference in body weight. Providing broilers with HTM significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) reduced Zn and Cu excretion at 35 d of when compared to those who were fed diets containing ITM or PC. Supplementing different sources of TM to broiler diets at levels below the recommendations showed no negative effect on broiler performance. The use of HTM significantly reduced TM excretion in broilers. The use of HTM in broiler diets can maintain broiler performance and reduce the negative impact on the environment.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/9/1067broilertrace mineralsourcecoppermanganesezinc |
| spellingShingle | Steven Bryan Franklin Marion Belinda Young Mariana Ciacciariello The Impact of Different Sources of Zinc, Manganese, and Copper on Broiler Performance and Excreta Output Animals broiler trace mineral source copper manganese zinc |
| title | The Impact of Different Sources of Zinc, Manganese, and Copper on Broiler Performance and Excreta Output |
| title_full | The Impact of Different Sources of Zinc, Manganese, and Copper on Broiler Performance and Excreta Output |
| title_fullStr | The Impact of Different Sources of Zinc, Manganese, and Copper on Broiler Performance and Excreta Output |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of Different Sources of Zinc, Manganese, and Copper on Broiler Performance and Excreta Output |
| title_short | The Impact of Different Sources of Zinc, Manganese, and Copper on Broiler Performance and Excreta Output |
| title_sort | impact of different sources of zinc manganese and copper on broiler performance and excreta output |
| topic | broiler trace mineral source copper manganese zinc |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/9/1067 |
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