Room-Temperature Eutectic Synthesis for Upcycling of Cathode Materials

Ni-rich LiNi<sub>x</sub>Mn<sub>y</sub>Co<sub>1−x−y</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (NMC) materials have been adopted in a range of applications, including electric vehicles. The recycled NMC material from a spent cell would be much more valuable if it could be upgr...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: W. Blake Hawley, Mengya Li, Jianlin Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-09-01
Series:Batteries
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/9/10/498
Description
Summary:Ni-rich LiNi<sub>x</sub>Mn<sub>y</sub>Co<sub>1−x−y</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (NMC) materials have been adopted in a range of applications, including electric vehicles. The recycled NMC material from a spent cell would be much more valuable if it could be upgraded to a Ni-rich, more energy-dense version of the material. This work demonstrates a simple, inexpensive, and facile method to upcycle LiNi<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>1/3</sub>Co<sub>1/3</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (NMC111, 160 mAh∙g<sup>−1</sup>), a cathode used in early generations of electric vehicle batteries, to LiNi<sub>0.8</sub>Mn<sub>0.1</sub>Co<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (NMC811, 190 mAh∙g<sup>−1</sup>), a more energy-dense cathode material. In this study, a preliminary investigation into a room-temperature eutectic synthesis of NMC811 is performed using NMC111, LiOH, and nickel nitrate as precursors. The synthesized material showed the desired crystal structure and stoichiometry, though the cycle life and Li diffusion coefficient need improvement when compared to commercially available NMC811. This study demonstrates an interesting proof of concept of the room-temperature eutectic synthesis process for LIB cathodes and could be improved by tuning the synthesis conditions.
ISSN:2313-0105