Application of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Quantitative Analysis of the Chemical Composition of Historical Lead Silicate Glasses
The study of the chemical composition of historical glasses is widely used in archaeometry. The results of such analyses provide information on the probable date, place, and technological features of their production. Over time, a weathered layer may form on the surface of the glass, which differs i...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Quantum Beam Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2412-382X/7/3/24 |
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| author | Aleksandra Leonidova Vladimir Aseev Denis Prokuratov Denis Jolshin Mikhail Khodasevich |
| author_facet | Aleksandra Leonidova Vladimir Aseev Denis Prokuratov Denis Jolshin Mikhail Khodasevich |
| author_sort | Aleksandra Leonidova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The study of the chemical composition of historical glasses is widely used in archaeometry. The results of such analyses provide information on the probable date, place, and technological features of their production. Over time, a weathered layer may form on the surface of the glass, which differs in composition from the original one. To determine the initial composition using conventional methods (for example, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy), the weathered layer should be removed. For historical objects, such manipulation is unacceptable and should be minimized. One of the methods for analyzing the chemical composition with minimal damage to a sample is laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. The aim of this work was to develop a LIBS method, which makes it possible to perform a quantitative analysis of lead silicate glasses, including glasses containing a weathered layer. Reference glasses with a variable content of potassium, silicon, and lead oxides were synthesized, and based on the LIBS spectra, a calibration dependence was obtained that made it possible to measure the concentration of lead and potassium oxides in glasses within 70–85 and 5–20 wt%, respectively. The method was applied to analyze the composition of the glaze on a historic glazed tile from the burial church in the Euphrosinian monastery in Polotsk (the second half of the 12th century AD). The crater formed with the laser beam on the glazed surface was about 200 microns. Such damage is negligible compared to the total surface area of the tile (~10 cm<sup>2</sup>). The thickness of the weathered glaze layer was 70 microns, which was determined using variation in lead oxide content. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:07:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e95de6a3ec2045c995b2ac04269811ba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2412-382X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:07:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Quantum Beam Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-e95de6a3ec2045c995b2ac04269811ba2023-11-19T12:44:23ZengMDPI AGQuantum Beam Science2412-382X2023-08-01732410.3390/qubs7030024Application of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Quantitative Analysis of the Chemical Composition of Historical Lead Silicate GlassesAleksandra Leonidova0Vladimir Aseev1Denis Prokuratov2Denis Jolshin3Mikhail Khodasevich4School of Photonics, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 199034, RussiaSchool of Photonics, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 199034, RussiaDepartment of Scientific and Technological Expertise, Architectural Archaeology Department, The State Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg 190000, RussiaDepartment of Scientific and Technological Expertise, Architectural Archaeology Department, The State Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg 190000, RussiaScientific Center “Diagnostic Systems”, B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, 220072 Minsk, BelarusThe study of the chemical composition of historical glasses is widely used in archaeometry. The results of such analyses provide information on the probable date, place, and technological features of their production. Over time, a weathered layer may form on the surface of the glass, which differs in composition from the original one. To determine the initial composition using conventional methods (for example, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy), the weathered layer should be removed. For historical objects, such manipulation is unacceptable and should be minimized. One of the methods for analyzing the chemical composition with minimal damage to a sample is laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. The aim of this work was to develop a LIBS method, which makes it possible to perform a quantitative analysis of lead silicate glasses, including glasses containing a weathered layer. Reference glasses with a variable content of potassium, silicon, and lead oxides were synthesized, and based on the LIBS spectra, a calibration dependence was obtained that made it possible to measure the concentration of lead and potassium oxides in glasses within 70–85 and 5–20 wt%, respectively. The method was applied to analyze the composition of the glaze on a historic glazed tile from the burial church in the Euphrosinian monastery in Polotsk (the second half of the 12th century AD). The crater formed with the laser beam on the glazed surface was about 200 microns. Such damage is negligible compared to the total surface area of the tile (~10 cm<sup>2</sup>). The thickness of the weathered glaze layer was 70 microns, which was determined using variation in lead oxide content.https://www.mdpi.com/2412-382X/7/3/24laser-induced breakdown spectroscopyquantitative analysislead silicate glassMiddle Ages glazed tile |
| spellingShingle | Aleksandra Leonidova Vladimir Aseev Denis Prokuratov Denis Jolshin Mikhail Khodasevich Application of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Quantitative Analysis of the Chemical Composition of Historical Lead Silicate Glasses Quantum Beam Science laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy quantitative analysis lead silicate glass Middle Ages glazed tile |
| title | Application of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Quantitative Analysis of the Chemical Composition of Historical Lead Silicate Glasses |
| title_full | Application of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Quantitative Analysis of the Chemical Composition of Historical Lead Silicate Glasses |
| title_fullStr | Application of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Quantitative Analysis of the Chemical Composition of Historical Lead Silicate Glasses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Quantitative Analysis of the Chemical Composition of Historical Lead Silicate Glasses |
| title_short | Application of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Quantitative Analysis of the Chemical Composition of Historical Lead Silicate Glasses |
| title_sort | application of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy for quantitative analysis of the chemical composition of historical lead silicate glasses |
| topic | laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy quantitative analysis lead silicate glass Middle Ages glazed tile |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2412-382X/7/3/24 |
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