Gut Microbiota and Chronic Constipation: A Review and Update
Background: Chronic constipation, including functional constipation and constipation-type irritable bowel syndrome, is a prevalent, multifactorial gastrointestinal disorder, and its etiology and pathophysiology remain poorly understood. Recently studies using 16S rRNA-based microbiota profiling have...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmed.2019.00019/full |
| _version_ | 1818066397838704640 |
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| author | Toshifumi Ohkusa Toshifumi Ohkusa Shigeo Koido Yuriko Nishikawa Nobuhiro Sato |
| author_facet | Toshifumi Ohkusa Toshifumi Ohkusa Shigeo Koido Yuriko Nishikawa Nobuhiro Sato |
| author_sort | Toshifumi Ohkusa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Chronic constipation, including functional constipation and constipation-type irritable bowel syndrome, is a prevalent, multifactorial gastrointestinal disorder, and its etiology and pathophysiology remain poorly understood. Recently studies using 16S rRNA-based microbiota profiling have demonstrated dysbiosis of gut microbiota in chronic constipation.Aims: To provide an overview of recent studies for microbiota in chronic constipation and treatments for chronic constipation using probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, antibiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).Methods: PubMed searches were performed up to 1 August 2018 using keywords: “IBS,” “IBS-C,” “irritable bowel syndrome,” “irritable bowel syndrome with constipation,” “functional constipation,” “chronic constipation” in combination with “gut microbiota,” “dysbiosis,” “gut microflora” for microbiota in chronic constipation, and in combination with “probiotics,” “prebiotics,” “synbiotics,” “antibiotics,” and “fecal microbiota transplantation.”Results: The findings of gut microbiota in functional constipation are inconsistent, and currently no consensus exists. Although no clear consensus exists, compared with healthy subjects, IBS-C patients have a lower level of Actinobacteria, including Bifidobacteria, in their fecal samples and a higher level of Bacteroidetes in their mucosa. In most randomized controlled and parallel-group trials, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, and FMT therapy for chronic constipation were effective with few side effects. However, there are many studies in a small number and the types of probiotics are different, it is difficult to evaluate the effect.Conclusions: Evidence indicates that dysbiosis of gut microbiota may contribute to functional constipation and constipation-type irritable bowel syndrome. Targeting treatments for the dysbiosis of constipation by probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, and FMT may be a new option, especially for refractory constipation to conventional therapies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:07:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e96c6204415d4e94bd02a881fcf25183 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:07:09Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-e96c6204415d4e94bd02a881fcf251832022-12-22T01:44:01ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2019-02-01610.3389/fmed.2019.00019433299Gut Microbiota and Chronic Constipation: A Review and UpdateToshifumi Ohkusa0Toshifumi Ohkusa1Shigeo Koido2Yuriko Nishikawa3Nobuhiro Sato4Department of Microbiota Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, Kashiwa, JapanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, Kashiwa, JapanDepartment of Microbiota Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Microbiota Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanBackground: Chronic constipation, including functional constipation and constipation-type irritable bowel syndrome, is a prevalent, multifactorial gastrointestinal disorder, and its etiology and pathophysiology remain poorly understood. Recently studies using 16S rRNA-based microbiota profiling have demonstrated dysbiosis of gut microbiota in chronic constipation.Aims: To provide an overview of recent studies for microbiota in chronic constipation and treatments for chronic constipation using probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, antibiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).Methods: PubMed searches were performed up to 1 August 2018 using keywords: “IBS,” “IBS-C,” “irritable bowel syndrome,” “irritable bowel syndrome with constipation,” “functional constipation,” “chronic constipation” in combination with “gut microbiota,” “dysbiosis,” “gut microflora” for microbiota in chronic constipation, and in combination with “probiotics,” “prebiotics,” “synbiotics,” “antibiotics,” and “fecal microbiota transplantation.”Results: The findings of gut microbiota in functional constipation are inconsistent, and currently no consensus exists. Although no clear consensus exists, compared with healthy subjects, IBS-C patients have a lower level of Actinobacteria, including Bifidobacteria, in their fecal samples and a higher level of Bacteroidetes in their mucosa. In most randomized controlled and parallel-group trials, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, and FMT therapy for chronic constipation were effective with few side effects. However, there are many studies in a small number and the types of probiotics are different, it is difficult to evaluate the effect.Conclusions: Evidence indicates that dysbiosis of gut microbiota may contribute to functional constipation and constipation-type irritable bowel syndrome. Targeting treatments for the dysbiosis of constipation by probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, and FMT may be a new option, especially for refractory constipation to conventional therapies.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmed.2019.00019/fullchronic constipationfunctional constipationirritable bowel syndrome with constipationgut microbiotaprobioticssynbiotics |
| spellingShingle | Toshifumi Ohkusa Toshifumi Ohkusa Shigeo Koido Yuriko Nishikawa Nobuhiro Sato Gut Microbiota and Chronic Constipation: A Review and Update Frontiers in Medicine chronic constipation functional constipation irritable bowel syndrome with constipation gut microbiota probiotics synbiotics |
| title | Gut Microbiota and Chronic Constipation: A Review and Update |
| title_full | Gut Microbiota and Chronic Constipation: A Review and Update |
| title_fullStr | Gut Microbiota and Chronic Constipation: A Review and Update |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gut Microbiota and Chronic Constipation: A Review and Update |
| title_short | Gut Microbiota and Chronic Constipation: A Review and Update |
| title_sort | gut microbiota and chronic constipation a review and update |
| topic | chronic constipation functional constipation irritable bowel syndrome with constipation gut microbiota probiotics synbiotics |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmed.2019.00019/full |
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