Fear of hypoglycaemia in patients with type 1 diabetes
Independently of causes and risk factors of hypoglycaemia, its manifestations are always unfavourable and evoke fear and other negative emotions that lead to negative consequences connected with quality of diabetes control. The fear of hypoglycaemia creates an internal conflict by diminishing patien...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Endocrinology Research Centre
2014-07-01
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| Series: | Сахарный диабет |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/6437 |
| _version_ | 1826588140906741760 |
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| author | Evgenia Mikhailovna Patrakeeva Mariia Nikolayevna Dunicheva Alsu Gafurovna Zalevskaya |
| author_facet | Evgenia Mikhailovna Patrakeeva Mariia Nikolayevna Dunicheva Alsu Gafurovna Zalevskaya |
| author_sort | Evgenia Mikhailovna Patrakeeva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Independently of causes and risk factors of hypoglycaemia, its manifestations are always unfavourable and evoke fear and other negative emotions that lead to negative consequences connected with quality of diabetes control. The fear of hypoglycaemia creates an internal conflict by diminishing patients? motivation to adhere to intensive treatment regimes. In addition to the severity of hypoglycaemia and its negative consequences, quality of life is one of the main criteria for evaluating the physical, psychological and social components of patient's life as a whole. Fear of hypoglycaemia is one of the most important factors; it either directly or indirectly affects quality of life and influences all aspects of the patient's life. Fear of hypoglycaemia is also a source of anxiety for the patient's relatives, causing damage to their familial and social relations. The negative consequences of hypoglycaemia can affect the relationship between spouses, as well as between parents and children with type 1 diabetes. The qualitative and quantitative data demonstrate that non-severe nocturnal hypoglycaemia causes more anxiety and fear in patients than daytime hypoglycaemia does. To quantify the fear of hypoglycaemia in adults with type 1 diabetes, the hypoglycaemia fear scale (HFS) was developed and still is the most commonly used instrument. To assess the fear of hypoglycaemia in children and their parents, the HFS scale was adapted to be used in the paediatric population: HFS for parents (PHFS) and HFS for children (CHFS). From a clinical point of view, these scales for measuring the level of fear of hypoglycaemia may be useful for monitoring adult patients and families who may need additional support, training or assistance in dealing with issues related to hypoglycaemia. The methods for regulating the fear of hypoglycaemia range from behavioural to pharmaceutical and surgical ones, and include a broad range of activities. Nevertheless, the problem remains quite relevant today and an integral approach for solving this problem, both by the physician and by the patient, should be used. Proper assessment of the patient's level of anxiety, impact of the fear of hypoglycaemia on his or her social life, awareness of the possible psychological consequences of this problem may positively affect both the behaviour and mood of the patient, and the opportunity to achieve better glycaemic control. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:20:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e96ef25d48c14c099c2b55c3769e2928 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-0351 2072-0378 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-03-14T16:36:36Z |
| publishDate | 2014-07-01 |
| publisher | Endocrinology Research Centre |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Сахарный диабет |
| spelling | doaj.art-e96ef25d48c14c099c2b55c3769e29282025-02-21T09:29:32ZengEndocrinology Research CentreСахарный диабет2072-03512072-03782014-07-01172667510.14341/DM2014266-756439Fear of hypoglycaemia in patients with type 1 diabetesEvgenia Mikhailovna Patrakeeva0Mariia Nikolayevna Dunicheva1Alsu Gafurovna Zalevskaya2First Pavlov State Medical University of St. PetersburgFirst Pavlov State Medical University of St. PetersburgFirst Pavlov State Medical University of St. PetersburgIndependently of causes and risk factors of hypoglycaemia, its manifestations are always unfavourable and evoke fear and other negative emotions that lead to negative consequences connected with quality of diabetes control. The fear of hypoglycaemia creates an internal conflict by diminishing patients? motivation to adhere to intensive treatment regimes. In addition to the severity of hypoglycaemia and its negative consequences, quality of life is one of the main criteria for evaluating the physical, psychological and social components of patient's life as a whole. Fear of hypoglycaemia is one of the most important factors; it either directly or indirectly affects quality of life and influences all aspects of the patient's life. Fear of hypoglycaemia is also a source of anxiety for the patient's relatives, causing damage to their familial and social relations. The negative consequences of hypoglycaemia can affect the relationship between spouses, as well as between parents and children with type 1 diabetes. The qualitative and quantitative data demonstrate that non-severe nocturnal hypoglycaemia causes more anxiety and fear in patients than daytime hypoglycaemia does. To quantify the fear of hypoglycaemia in adults with type 1 diabetes, the hypoglycaemia fear scale (HFS) was developed and still is the most commonly used instrument. To assess the fear of hypoglycaemia in children and their parents, the HFS scale was adapted to be used in the paediatric population: HFS for parents (PHFS) and HFS for children (CHFS). From a clinical point of view, these scales for measuring the level of fear of hypoglycaemia may be useful for monitoring adult patients and families who may need additional support, training or assistance in dealing with issues related to hypoglycaemia. The methods for regulating the fear of hypoglycaemia range from behavioural to pharmaceutical and surgical ones, and include a broad range of activities. Nevertheless, the problem remains quite relevant today and an integral approach for solving this problem, both by the physician and by the patient, should be used. Proper assessment of the patient's level of anxiety, impact of the fear of hypoglycaemia on his or her social life, awareness of the possible psychological consequences of this problem may positively affect both the behaviour and mood of the patient, and the opportunity to achieve better glycaemic control.https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/6437hypoglycaemiaconsequences of hypoglycaemiafear of hypoglycaemiahypoglycaemia fear scalestherapeutic patient education |
| spellingShingle | Evgenia Mikhailovna Patrakeeva Mariia Nikolayevna Dunicheva Alsu Gafurovna Zalevskaya Fear of hypoglycaemia in patients with type 1 diabetes Сахарный диабет hypoglycaemia consequences of hypoglycaemia fear of hypoglycaemia hypoglycaemia fear scales therapeutic patient education |
| title | Fear of hypoglycaemia in patients with type 1 diabetes |
| title_full | Fear of hypoglycaemia in patients with type 1 diabetes |
| title_fullStr | Fear of hypoglycaemia in patients with type 1 diabetes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fear of hypoglycaemia in patients with type 1 diabetes |
| title_short | Fear of hypoglycaemia in patients with type 1 diabetes |
| title_sort | fear of hypoglycaemia in patients with type 1 diabetes |
| topic | hypoglycaemia consequences of hypoglycaemia fear of hypoglycaemia hypoglycaemia fear scales therapeutic patient education |
| url | https://www.dia-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/6437 |
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