Prevalence and Severity of Amlodipine-induced Gingival Enlargement
Background: The administration of several classes of drugs; anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants, and calcium channel blockers can cause gingival enlargement. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the frequency and severity of gingival enlargement in patients taking calcium channel blocker dr...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nepal Health Research Council
2023-07-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Nepal Health Research Council |
| Online Access: | https://jnhrc.com.np/index.php/jnhrc/article/view/4363 |
| _version_ | 1797776139007033344 |
|---|---|
| author | Junima Rajkarnikar Samarika Dahal Samriddhi Vaidya Pratikshya Ghimire |
| author_facet | Junima Rajkarnikar Samarika Dahal Samriddhi Vaidya Pratikshya Ghimire |
| author_sort | Junima Rajkarnikar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Background: The administration of several classes of drugs; anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants, and calcium channel blockers can cause gingival enlargement. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the frequency and severity of gingival enlargement in patients taking calcium channel blocker drug amlodipine.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 patients who visited the dental hospital at Nepal Medical College between November 2021 to April 2022. Using the Bokenkamp and Bornhorst Index, the patients who had been on amlodipine for at least three months were examined for gingival enlargement. Along with gingival and plaque index, medication dosage and duration were also assessed.
Results: The prevalence of gingival enlargement was 37%. Grade 1 gingival enlargement was present in 18% while grade 3 was seen in only 2%. Both individuals taking amlodipine alone and in combination with other antihypertensive drugs showed the same level of gingival enlargement. The dose and duration of amlodipine ingestion showed a significant correlation with the enlargement. The gingival and plaque index also showed a strong correlation with overgrowth.
Conclusions: The physicians prescribing amlodipine should well inform the patients about the potential side effects. In such cases, the maintenance of oral hygiene should be prioritized from the beginning. In severe cases, substitution of the drugs followed by oral therapeutic measures should be considered for complete regression.
Keywords: Amlodipine; gingival enlargement; prevalence; periodontology
|
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:45:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e970b799072348db96d7611ec8568462 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1727-5482 1999-6217 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:45:41Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Nepal Health Research Council |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nepal Health Research Council |
| spelling | doaj.art-e970b799072348db96d7611ec85684622023-07-21T06:25:46ZengNepal Health Research CouncilJournal of Nepal Health Research Council1727-54821999-62172023-07-0120410.33314/jnhrc.v20i4.4363Prevalence and Severity of Amlodipine-induced Gingival EnlargementJunima Rajkarnikar 0Samarika Dahal1Samriddhi Vaidya2Pratikshya Ghimire3Department of Periodontics, Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital, Attarkhel, NepalDepartment of Oral Pathology and Forensic Dentistry, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgunj, NepalDepartment of Periodontics, Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital, Attarkhel, NepalDepartment of Oral Pathology, Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital, Attarkhel, Nepal Background: The administration of several classes of drugs; anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants, and calcium channel blockers can cause gingival enlargement. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the frequency and severity of gingival enlargement in patients taking calcium channel blocker drug amlodipine. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 patients who visited the dental hospital at Nepal Medical College between November 2021 to April 2022. Using the Bokenkamp and Bornhorst Index, the patients who had been on amlodipine for at least three months were examined for gingival enlargement. Along with gingival and plaque index, medication dosage and duration were also assessed. Results: The prevalence of gingival enlargement was 37%. Grade 1 gingival enlargement was present in 18% while grade 3 was seen in only 2%. Both individuals taking amlodipine alone and in combination with other antihypertensive drugs showed the same level of gingival enlargement. The dose and duration of amlodipine ingestion showed a significant correlation with the enlargement. The gingival and plaque index also showed a strong correlation with overgrowth. Conclusions: The physicians prescribing amlodipine should well inform the patients about the potential side effects. In such cases, the maintenance of oral hygiene should be prioritized from the beginning. In severe cases, substitution of the drugs followed by oral therapeutic measures should be considered for complete regression. Keywords: Amlodipine; gingival enlargement; prevalence; periodontology https://jnhrc.com.np/index.php/jnhrc/article/view/4363 |
| spellingShingle | Junima Rajkarnikar Samarika Dahal Samriddhi Vaidya Pratikshya Ghimire Prevalence and Severity of Amlodipine-induced Gingival Enlargement Journal of Nepal Health Research Council |
| title | Prevalence and Severity of Amlodipine-induced Gingival Enlargement |
| title_full | Prevalence and Severity of Amlodipine-induced Gingival Enlargement |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and Severity of Amlodipine-induced Gingival Enlargement |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and Severity of Amlodipine-induced Gingival Enlargement |
| title_short | Prevalence and Severity of Amlodipine-induced Gingival Enlargement |
| title_sort | prevalence and severity of amlodipine induced gingival enlargement |
| url | https://jnhrc.com.np/index.php/jnhrc/article/view/4363 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT junimarajkarnikar prevalenceandseverityofamlodipineinducedgingivalenlargement AT samarikadahal prevalenceandseverityofamlodipineinducedgingivalenlargement AT samriddhivaidya prevalenceandseverityofamlodipineinducedgingivalenlargement AT pratikshyaghimire prevalenceandseverityofamlodipineinducedgingivalenlargement |