HIV infection of non-classical cells in the brain
Abstract HIV-associated neurological disorders (HAND) affect up to 50% of people living with HIV (PLWH), even in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). HIV-DNA can be detected in the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) of approximately half of aviremic ART-suppressed PLWH and its presence is...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Retrovirology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12977-023-00616-9 |
| _version_ | 1828063661261848576 |
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| author | Angela Wahl Lena Al-Harthi |
| author_facet | Angela Wahl Lena Al-Harthi |
| author_sort | Angela Wahl |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract HIV-associated neurological disorders (HAND) affect up to 50% of people living with HIV (PLWH), even in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). HIV-DNA can be detected in the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) of approximately half of aviremic ART-suppressed PLWH and its presence is associated with poorer neurocognitive performance. HIV DNA + and HIV RNA + cells have also been observed in postmortem brain tissue of individuals with sustained cART suppression. In this review, we provide an overview of how HIV invades the brain and HIV infection of resident brain glial cells (astrocytes and microglia). We also discuss the role of resident glial cells in persistent neuroinflammation and HAND in PLWH and their potential contribution to the HIV reservoir. HIV eradication strategies that target persistently infected glia cells will likely be needed to achieve HIV cure. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T22:46:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e977294101274354aead53069d99b555 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1742-4690 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T22:46:34Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Retrovirology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e977294101274354aead53069d99b5552023-01-15T12:20:29ZengBMCRetrovirology1742-46902023-01-0120111310.1186/s12977-023-00616-9HIV infection of non-classical cells in the brainAngela Wahl0Lena Al-Harthi1International Center for the Advancement of Translational Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillDepartment of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical CenterAbstract HIV-associated neurological disorders (HAND) affect up to 50% of people living with HIV (PLWH), even in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). HIV-DNA can be detected in the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) of approximately half of aviremic ART-suppressed PLWH and its presence is associated with poorer neurocognitive performance. HIV DNA + and HIV RNA + cells have also been observed in postmortem brain tissue of individuals with sustained cART suppression. In this review, we provide an overview of how HIV invades the brain and HIV infection of resident brain glial cells (astrocytes and microglia). We also discuss the role of resident glial cells in persistent neuroinflammation and HAND in PLWH and their potential contribution to the HIV reservoir. HIV eradication strategies that target persistently infected glia cells will likely be needed to achieve HIV cure.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12977-023-00616-9HIVCNSBrainAstrocyteMicrogliaNon-classical cells |
| spellingShingle | Angela Wahl Lena Al-Harthi HIV infection of non-classical cells in the brain Retrovirology HIV CNS Brain Astrocyte Microglia Non-classical cells |
| title | HIV infection of non-classical cells in the brain |
| title_full | HIV infection of non-classical cells in the brain |
| title_fullStr | HIV infection of non-classical cells in the brain |
| title_full_unstemmed | HIV infection of non-classical cells in the brain |
| title_short | HIV infection of non-classical cells in the brain |
| title_sort | hiv infection of non classical cells in the brain |
| topic | HIV CNS Brain Astrocyte Microglia Non-classical cells |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12977-023-00616-9 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT angelawahl hivinfectionofnonclassicalcellsinthebrain AT lenaalharthi hivinfectionofnonclassicalcellsinthebrain |