Macrophage/microglia polarization for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy
Macrophages/microglia are immune system defense and homeostatic cells that develop from bone marrow progenitor cells. According to the different phenotypes and immune responses of macrophages (Th1 and Th2), the two primary categories of polarized macrophages/microglia are those conventionally activa...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2023.1276225/full |
| _version_ | 1797671365259558912 |
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| author | Yujia Yao Yujia Yao Jiajun Li Jiajun Li Yunfan Zhou Yunfan Zhou Suyu Wang Suyu Wang Ziran Zhang Ziran Zhang Qin Jiang Qin Jiang Keran Li Keran Li |
| author_facet | Yujia Yao Yujia Yao Jiajun Li Jiajun Li Yunfan Zhou Yunfan Zhou Suyu Wang Suyu Wang Ziran Zhang Ziran Zhang Qin Jiang Qin Jiang Keran Li Keran Li |
| author_sort | Yujia Yao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Macrophages/microglia are immune system defense and homeostatic cells that develop from bone marrow progenitor cells. According to the different phenotypes and immune responses of macrophages (Th1 and Th2), the two primary categories of polarized macrophages/microglia are those conventionally activated (M1) and alternatively activated (M2). Macrophage/microglial polarization is a key regulating factor in the development of inflammatory disorders, cancers, metabolic disturbances, and neural degeneration. Macrophage/microglial polarization is involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, pathological angiogenesis, and tissue healing processes in ocular diseases, particularly in diabetic retinopathy (DR). The functional phenotypes of macrophages/microglia affect disease progression and prognosis, and thus regulate the polarization or functional phenotype of microglia at different DR stages, which may offer new concepts for individualized therapy of DR. This review summarizes the involvement of macrophage/microglia polarization in physiological situations and in the pathological process of DR, and discusses the promising role of polarization in personalized treatment of DR. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T21:14:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e97c636ca53a485e88eb82e32efefc31 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T21:14:20Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e97c636ca53a485e88eb82e32efefc312023-09-29T05:35:45ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922023-09-011410.3389/fendo.2023.12762251276225Macrophage/microglia polarization for the treatment of diabetic retinopathyYujia Yao0Yujia Yao1Jiajun Li2Jiajun Li3Yunfan Zhou4Yunfan Zhou5Suyu Wang6Suyu Wang7Ziran Zhang8Ziran Zhang9Qin Jiang10Qin Jiang11Keran Li12Keran Li13Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaThe Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaThe Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaThe Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaThe Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaThe Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaThe Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaThe Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaMacrophages/microglia are immune system defense and homeostatic cells that develop from bone marrow progenitor cells. According to the different phenotypes and immune responses of macrophages (Th1 and Th2), the two primary categories of polarized macrophages/microglia are those conventionally activated (M1) and alternatively activated (M2). Macrophage/microglial polarization is a key regulating factor in the development of inflammatory disorders, cancers, metabolic disturbances, and neural degeneration. Macrophage/microglial polarization is involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, pathological angiogenesis, and tissue healing processes in ocular diseases, particularly in diabetic retinopathy (DR). The functional phenotypes of macrophages/microglia affect disease progression and prognosis, and thus regulate the polarization or functional phenotype of microglia at different DR stages, which may offer new concepts for individualized therapy of DR. This review summarizes the involvement of macrophage/microglia polarization in physiological situations and in the pathological process of DR, and discusses the promising role of polarization in personalized treatment of DR.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2023.1276225/fulldiabetic retinopathyimmune systemmacrophagesmicrogliaocular diseasespolarization |
| spellingShingle | Yujia Yao Yujia Yao Jiajun Li Jiajun Li Yunfan Zhou Yunfan Zhou Suyu Wang Suyu Wang Ziran Zhang Ziran Zhang Qin Jiang Qin Jiang Keran Li Keran Li Macrophage/microglia polarization for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy Frontiers in Endocrinology diabetic retinopathy immune system macrophages microglia ocular diseases polarization |
| title | Macrophage/microglia polarization for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy |
| title_full | Macrophage/microglia polarization for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy |
| title_fullStr | Macrophage/microglia polarization for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Macrophage/microglia polarization for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy |
| title_short | Macrophage/microglia polarization for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy |
| title_sort | macrophage microglia polarization for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy |
| topic | diabetic retinopathy immune system macrophages microglia ocular diseases polarization |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2023.1276225/full |
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