Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase 5 (<i>OsCPK5</i>) Overexpression in Upland Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) under Water Deficit
Water deficit significantly affects global crop growth and productivity, particularly in water-limited environments, such as upland rice cultivation, reducing grain yield. Plants activate various defense mechanisms during water deficit, involving numerous genes and complex metabolic pathways. Explor...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/22/3826 |
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| author | Thaís Ignez da Cruz Dhiôvanna Corrêia Rocha Anna Cristina Lanna Beata Dedicova Rosana Pereira Vianello Claudio Brondani |
| author_facet | Thaís Ignez da Cruz Dhiôvanna Corrêia Rocha Anna Cristina Lanna Beata Dedicova Rosana Pereira Vianello Claudio Brondani |
| author_sort | Thaís Ignez da Cruz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Water deficit significantly affects global crop growth and productivity, particularly in water-limited environments, such as upland rice cultivation, reducing grain yield. Plants activate various defense mechanisms during water deficit, involving numerous genes and complex metabolic pathways. Exploring homologous genes that are linked to enhanced drought tolerance through the use of genomic data from model organisms can aid in the functional validation of target species. We evaluated the upland rice <i>OsCPK5</i> gene, an <i>A. thaliana AtCPK6</i> homolog, by overexpressing it in the BRSMG Curinga cultivar. Transformants were assessed using a semi-automated phenotyping platform under two irrigation conditions: regular watering, and water deficit applied 79 days after seeding, lasting 14 days, followed by irrigation at 80% field capacity. The physiological data and leaf samples were collected at reproductive stages R3, R6, and R8. The genetically modified (GM) plants consistently exhibited higher <i>OsCPK5</i> gene expression levels across stages, peaking during grain filling, and displayed reduced stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate and increased water-use efficiency compared to non-GM (NGM) plants under drought. The GM plants also exhibited a higher filled grain percentage under both irrigation conditions. Their drought susceptibility index was 0.9 times lower than that of NGM plants, and they maintained a higher chlorophyll a/b index, indicating sustained photosynthesis. The NGM plants under water deficit exhibited more leaf senescence, while the <i>OsCPK5</i>-overexpressing plants retained their green leaves. Overall, <i>OsCPK5</i> overexpression induced diverse drought tolerance mechanisms, indicating the potential for future development of more drought-tolerant rice cultivars. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:31:53Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:31:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-e9875b90eda34da288ce34e94b1587cf2023-11-24T15:01:55ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-11-011222382610.3390/plants12223826Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase 5 (<i>OsCPK5</i>) Overexpression in Upland Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) under Water DeficitThaís Ignez da Cruz0Dhiôvanna Corrêia Rocha1Anna Cristina Lanna2Beata Dedicova3Rosana Pereira Vianello4Claudio Brondani5Escola de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, BrazilInstituto Agronômico de Campinas, Cordeirópolis 13490-970, BrazilEmbrapa Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás 75375-000, BrazilDepartment of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Sundsvägen 10, P.O. Box 101, SE-230 53 Alnarp, SwedenEmbrapa Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás 75375-000, BrazilEmbrapa Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás 75375-000, BrazilWater deficit significantly affects global crop growth and productivity, particularly in water-limited environments, such as upland rice cultivation, reducing grain yield. Plants activate various defense mechanisms during water deficit, involving numerous genes and complex metabolic pathways. Exploring homologous genes that are linked to enhanced drought tolerance through the use of genomic data from model organisms can aid in the functional validation of target species. We evaluated the upland rice <i>OsCPK5</i> gene, an <i>A. thaliana AtCPK6</i> homolog, by overexpressing it in the BRSMG Curinga cultivar. Transformants were assessed using a semi-automated phenotyping platform under two irrigation conditions: regular watering, and water deficit applied 79 days after seeding, lasting 14 days, followed by irrigation at 80% field capacity. The physiological data and leaf samples were collected at reproductive stages R3, R6, and R8. The genetically modified (GM) plants consistently exhibited higher <i>OsCPK5</i> gene expression levels across stages, peaking during grain filling, and displayed reduced stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate and increased water-use efficiency compared to non-GM (NGM) plants under drought. The GM plants also exhibited a higher filled grain percentage under both irrigation conditions. Their drought susceptibility index was 0.9 times lower than that of NGM plants, and they maintained a higher chlorophyll a/b index, indicating sustained photosynthesis. The NGM plants under water deficit exhibited more leaf senescence, while the <i>OsCPK5</i>-overexpressing plants retained their green leaves. Overall, <i>OsCPK5</i> overexpression induced diverse drought tolerance mechanisms, indicating the potential for future development of more drought-tolerant rice cultivars.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/22/3826water-use efficiencygene expressionsenescencedrought |
| spellingShingle | Thaís Ignez da Cruz Dhiôvanna Corrêia Rocha Anna Cristina Lanna Beata Dedicova Rosana Pereira Vianello Claudio Brondani Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase 5 (<i>OsCPK5</i>) Overexpression in Upland Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) under Water Deficit Plants water-use efficiency gene expression senescence drought |
| title | Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase 5 (<i>OsCPK5</i>) Overexpression in Upland Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) under Water Deficit |
| title_full | Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase 5 (<i>OsCPK5</i>) Overexpression in Upland Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) under Water Deficit |
| title_fullStr | Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase 5 (<i>OsCPK5</i>) Overexpression in Upland Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) under Water Deficit |
| title_full_unstemmed | Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase 5 (<i>OsCPK5</i>) Overexpression in Upland Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) under Water Deficit |
| title_short | Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase 5 (<i>OsCPK5</i>) Overexpression in Upland Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) under Water Deficit |
| title_sort | calcium dependent protein kinase 5 i oscpk5 i overexpression in upland rice i oryza sativa i l under water deficit |
| topic | water-use efficiency gene expression senescence drought |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/22/3826 |
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