Standardized <i>Bacopa monnieri</i> Extract Ameliorates Learning and Memory Impairments through Synaptic Protein, Neurogranin, Pro-and Mature BDNF Signaling, and HPA Axis in Prenatally Stressed Rat Offspring
Prenatal stress (PNS) influences offspring neurodevelopment, inducing anxiety-like behavior and memory deficits. We investigated whether pretreatment of <i>Bacopa monnieri</i> extract (CDRI-08/BME) ameliorates PNS-induced changes in signaling molecules, and changes in the behavior of Wis...
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/12/1229 |
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| author | Karunanithi Sivasangari Koilmani Emmanuvel Rajan |
| author_facet | Karunanithi Sivasangari Koilmani Emmanuvel Rajan |
| author_sort | Karunanithi Sivasangari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Prenatal stress (PNS) influences offspring neurodevelopment, inducing anxiety-like behavior and memory deficits. We investigated whether pretreatment of <i>Bacopa monnieri</i> extract (CDRI-08/BME) ameliorates PNS-induced changes in signaling molecules, and changes in the behavior of Wistar rat offspring. Pregnant rats were randomly assigned into control (CON)/prenatal stress (PNS)/PNS and exposed to BME treatment (PNS + BME). Dams were exposed to stress by placing them in a social defeat cage, where they observed social defeat from gestational day (GD)-16–18. Pregnant rats in the PNS + BME group were given BME treatment from GD-10 to their offspring’s postnatal day (PND)-23, and to their offspring from PND-15 to -30. PNS led to anxiety-like behavior; impaired memory; increased the level of corticosterone (CORT), adrenocorticotropic hormone, glucocorticoid receptor, pro-apoptotic Casepase-3, and 5-HT<sub>2C</sub> receptor; decreased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, synaptic proteins (synaptophysin, synaptotagmin-1), 5-HT<sub>1A,</sub> receptor, phosphorylation of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II/neurogranin, <i>N</i>-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (2A,2B), postsynaptic density protein 95; and conversion of pro and mature brain derived neurotropic factor in their offspring. The antioxidant property of BME possibly inhibiting the PNS-induced changes in observed molecules, anxiety-like behavior, and memory deficits. The observed results suggest that pretreatment of BME could be an effective coping strategy to prevent PNS-induced behavioral impairments in their offspring. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:19:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e988e29392b34df1ab5927b5ba403f97 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:19:54Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-e988e29392b34df1ab5927b5ba403f972023-11-20T23:28:31ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212020-12-01912122910.3390/antiox9121229Standardized <i>Bacopa monnieri</i> Extract Ameliorates Learning and Memory Impairments through Synaptic Protein, Neurogranin, Pro-and Mature BDNF Signaling, and HPA Axis in Prenatally Stressed Rat OffspringKarunanithi Sivasangari0Koilmani Emmanuvel Rajan1Department of Animal Science, Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, IndiaDepartment of Animal Science, Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, IndiaPrenatal stress (PNS) influences offspring neurodevelopment, inducing anxiety-like behavior and memory deficits. We investigated whether pretreatment of <i>Bacopa monnieri</i> extract (CDRI-08/BME) ameliorates PNS-induced changes in signaling molecules, and changes in the behavior of Wistar rat offspring. Pregnant rats were randomly assigned into control (CON)/prenatal stress (PNS)/PNS and exposed to BME treatment (PNS + BME). Dams were exposed to stress by placing them in a social defeat cage, where they observed social defeat from gestational day (GD)-16–18. Pregnant rats in the PNS + BME group were given BME treatment from GD-10 to their offspring’s postnatal day (PND)-23, and to their offspring from PND-15 to -30. PNS led to anxiety-like behavior; impaired memory; increased the level of corticosterone (CORT), adrenocorticotropic hormone, glucocorticoid receptor, pro-apoptotic Casepase-3, and 5-HT<sub>2C</sub> receptor; decreased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, synaptic proteins (synaptophysin, synaptotagmin-1), 5-HT<sub>1A,</sub> receptor, phosphorylation of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II/neurogranin, <i>N</i>-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (2A,2B), postsynaptic density protein 95; and conversion of pro and mature brain derived neurotropic factor in their offspring. The antioxidant property of BME possibly inhibiting the PNS-induced changes in observed molecules, anxiety-like behavior, and memory deficits. The observed results suggest that pretreatment of BME could be an effective coping strategy to prevent PNS-induced behavioral impairments in their offspring.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/12/1229prenatal stress<i>Bacopa monnieri</i>caspase-3synaptophysin<i>N</i>-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) |
| spellingShingle | Karunanithi Sivasangari Koilmani Emmanuvel Rajan Standardized <i>Bacopa monnieri</i> Extract Ameliorates Learning and Memory Impairments through Synaptic Protein, Neurogranin, Pro-and Mature BDNF Signaling, and HPA Axis in Prenatally Stressed Rat Offspring Antioxidants prenatal stress <i>Bacopa monnieri</i> caspase-3 synaptophysin <i>N</i>-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) |
| title | Standardized <i>Bacopa monnieri</i> Extract Ameliorates Learning and Memory Impairments through Synaptic Protein, Neurogranin, Pro-and Mature BDNF Signaling, and HPA Axis in Prenatally Stressed Rat Offspring |
| title_full | Standardized <i>Bacopa monnieri</i> Extract Ameliorates Learning and Memory Impairments through Synaptic Protein, Neurogranin, Pro-and Mature BDNF Signaling, and HPA Axis in Prenatally Stressed Rat Offspring |
| title_fullStr | Standardized <i>Bacopa monnieri</i> Extract Ameliorates Learning and Memory Impairments through Synaptic Protein, Neurogranin, Pro-and Mature BDNF Signaling, and HPA Axis in Prenatally Stressed Rat Offspring |
| title_full_unstemmed | Standardized <i>Bacopa monnieri</i> Extract Ameliorates Learning and Memory Impairments through Synaptic Protein, Neurogranin, Pro-and Mature BDNF Signaling, and HPA Axis in Prenatally Stressed Rat Offspring |
| title_short | Standardized <i>Bacopa monnieri</i> Extract Ameliorates Learning and Memory Impairments through Synaptic Protein, Neurogranin, Pro-and Mature BDNF Signaling, and HPA Axis in Prenatally Stressed Rat Offspring |
| title_sort | standardized i bacopa monnieri i extract ameliorates learning and memory impairments through synaptic protein neurogranin pro and mature bdnf signaling and hpa axis in prenatally stressed rat offspring |
| topic | prenatal stress <i>Bacopa monnieri</i> caspase-3 synaptophysin <i>N</i>-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/12/1229 |
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