| Summary: | To maintain human health, the development of rapid uric acid (UA) sensing is crucial. In this study, defective black phosphorus nanosheets with black phosphorus quantum dots (dBPN/BPQDs) were successfully and rapidly prepared by sonoelectrochemical exfoliation. In this process, the intercalation of phosphate ions into the black phosphorus working electrode was improved by coupling ultrasonic radiation with a high intercalating potential (8 V vs. Ag/AgCl/3M). The dBPN/BPQDs with various vacancies (5–9 defects, 5-7-7-5 defects, and 5-8-5 defect vacancies) exhibited a remarkable mass activity (jm, 1.22 × 10−3 mA μg−1) for uric acid oxidation, which was 5.92 times greater than that of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) (2.06 × 10−4 mA μg−1). In addition, the sensitivity of the dBPN/BPQD UA sensor was 474.2 μA mM−1 cm−2 in the linear analysis range of 0.1–1.3 mM. The sensitivity of the sensor was apparently higher than 67.7 μA mM−1cm−2 for rGO. The data from real sample experiments using serum showed that the dBPN/BPQD catalyst had high recoveries (97.3 %–100.2 %) and low related standard deviation (0.44 %–1.52 %). The dBPN/BPQDs exhibited the potential as an amperometric sensor to detect UA without needing enzymes.
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