Investigation of fluoride concentrations, water quality, and non-carcinogenic health risks of borehole water in bongo district, northern Ghana
Access to potable water is a significant concern due to the increasing global threat posed by fluoride contamination in groundwater sources. This study investigated the concentrations of fluoride (F−), the suitability of groundwater for human consumption, the physicochemical characteristics affectin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024035850 |
| _version_ | 1797224234693427200 |
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| author | Gerheart Winfred Ashong Boansi Adu Ababio Edward Ebow Kwaansa-Ansah Simon Konadu Koranteng Gwalley Diyawul-Haqq Muktar |
| author_facet | Gerheart Winfred Ashong Boansi Adu Ababio Edward Ebow Kwaansa-Ansah Simon Konadu Koranteng Gwalley Diyawul-Haqq Muktar |
| author_sort | Gerheart Winfred Ashong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Access to potable water is a significant concern due to the increasing global threat posed by fluoride contamination in groundwater sources. This study investigated the concentrations of fluoride (F−), the suitability of groundwater for human consumption, the physicochemical characteristics affecting the water quality, and non-carcinogenic adverse health risks to both children and adults in the Bongo district in Northern Ghana. The findings revealed that the groundwater had a mean pH, salinity, TDS, conductivity, and turbidity below the WHO guideline values with a mean fluoride concentration of 1.76 mg/L above the guideline limit of 1.5 mg/L. The study also found that there was no strong relationship between fluoride and the measured water parameters, which may be attributed to poor control of distribution, transport mechanisms, and sources. The WQI scores ranged from 42.62% to 70.72%, indicating that all borehole water samples were of good and excellent quality. The average chronic daily intake showed that children are often more exposed to the harmful impact of fluoride than adults. The average HQ > 1 indicates the probability of dental and skeletal fluorosis after continuous exposure over time in adults and children. The study recommends taking immediate action to mitigate high groundwater fluoride concentrations, implementing appropriate water management strategies, and raising public awareness of the health risks. These measures can guide future groundwater management practices and help policymakers address contamination and protect local communities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T13:49:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e996f5d6ddfc41aea9d61e7b63e4a0fe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T13:49:53Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-e996f5d6ddfc41aea9d61e7b63e4a0fe2024-04-04T05:05:08ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402024-03-01106e27554Investigation of fluoride concentrations, water quality, and non-carcinogenic health risks of borehole water in bongo district, northern GhanaGerheart Winfred Ashong0Boansi Adu Ababio1Edward Ebow Kwaansa-Ansah2Simon Konadu Koranteng3Gwalley Diyawul-Haqq Muktar4Corresponding author.; Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. Kumasi, GhanaDepartment of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. Kumasi, GhanaDepartment of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. Kumasi, GhanaDepartment of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. Kumasi, GhanaDepartment of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. Kumasi, GhanaAccess to potable water is a significant concern due to the increasing global threat posed by fluoride contamination in groundwater sources. This study investigated the concentrations of fluoride (F−), the suitability of groundwater for human consumption, the physicochemical characteristics affecting the water quality, and non-carcinogenic adverse health risks to both children and adults in the Bongo district in Northern Ghana. The findings revealed that the groundwater had a mean pH, salinity, TDS, conductivity, and turbidity below the WHO guideline values with a mean fluoride concentration of 1.76 mg/L above the guideline limit of 1.5 mg/L. The study also found that there was no strong relationship between fluoride and the measured water parameters, which may be attributed to poor control of distribution, transport mechanisms, and sources. The WQI scores ranged from 42.62% to 70.72%, indicating that all borehole water samples were of good and excellent quality. The average chronic daily intake showed that children are often more exposed to the harmful impact of fluoride than adults. The average HQ > 1 indicates the probability of dental and skeletal fluorosis after continuous exposure over time in adults and children. The study recommends taking immediate action to mitigate high groundwater fluoride concentrations, implementing appropriate water management strategies, and raising public awareness of the health risks. These measures can guide future groundwater management practices and help policymakers address contamination and protect local communities.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024035850FluoridePhysicochemical parametersHealth risk assessmentGroundwaterBongo district |
| spellingShingle | Gerheart Winfred Ashong Boansi Adu Ababio Edward Ebow Kwaansa-Ansah Simon Konadu Koranteng Gwalley Diyawul-Haqq Muktar Investigation of fluoride concentrations, water quality, and non-carcinogenic health risks of borehole water in bongo district, northern Ghana Heliyon Fluoride Physicochemical parameters Health risk assessment Groundwater Bongo district |
| title | Investigation of fluoride concentrations, water quality, and non-carcinogenic health risks of borehole water in bongo district, northern Ghana |
| title_full | Investigation of fluoride concentrations, water quality, and non-carcinogenic health risks of borehole water in bongo district, northern Ghana |
| title_fullStr | Investigation of fluoride concentrations, water quality, and non-carcinogenic health risks of borehole water in bongo district, northern Ghana |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of fluoride concentrations, water quality, and non-carcinogenic health risks of borehole water in bongo district, northern Ghana |
| title_short | Investigation of fluoride concentrations, water quality, and non-carcinogenic health risks of borehole water in bongo district, northern Ghana |
| title_sort | investigation of fluoride concentrations water quality and non carcinogenic health risks of borehole water in bongo district northern ghana |
| topic | Fluoride Physicochemical parameters Health risk assessment Groundwater Bongo district |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024035850 |
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