Using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography to assess the degree of acute testicular torsion: a case series
Abstract Background There are two types of testicular torsion: complete and incomplete. The degree and duration of symptoms of this condition are critical for treatment decision-making, as the consequences for untimely diagnosis and management can be serious. The preoperative assessment of the degre...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-12-01
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| Series: | BMC Medical Imaging |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-022-00953-9 |
| _version_ | 1828162960072114176 |
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| author | Bin Zou Fuqiang Zeng Yuling Yang |
| author_facet | Bin Zou Fuqiang Zeng Yuling Yang |
| author_sort | Bin Zou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background There are two types of testicular torsion: complete and incomplete. The degree and duration of symptoms of this condition are critical for treatment decision-making, as the consequences for untimely diagnosis and management can be serious. The preoperative assessment of the degree of acute testicular torsion using ultrasonography is particularly important for determining the appropriate intervention. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of high-frequency versus contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in determining the degree of acute testicular torsion. Methods Fifteen patients with clinically diagnosed acute testicular torsion underwent both high-frequency and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. We compared the characteristics of the ultrasonographic images of the testicular parenchyma in both the afflicted and contralateral (healthy) testes to determine the reliability of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in assessing the degree of acute testicular torsion. Results The high-frequency ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound diagnosis of 4 complete testicular torsion and 11 incomplete testicular torsion were correct before operation. However, 5 patients with incomplete testicular torsion were misdiagnosed as complete testicular torsion because no blood flow was detected by high frequency ultrasound. Finally, low speed blood flow was detected by contrast-enhanced ultrasound and the diagnosis was corrected. The accuracy of diagnosing incomplete testicular torsion was 100% using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and 66.7% using high-frequency ultrasonography; the difference between the two methods was statistically significant (χ2 = 2.50, P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography can diagnose testicular torsion with high accuracy and can detect low-velocity blood flow and show microcirculatory blood perfusion in the testicular parenchyma. This can avoid misdiagnosing incomplete testicular torsion as complete, thus averting unnecessary orchiectomy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T01:01:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e9a2ebcb61104dacadaf93a631c03870 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2342 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T01:01:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Medical Imaging |
| spelling | doaj.art-e9a2ebcb61104dacadaf93a631c038702022-12-22T03:54:25ZengBMCBMC Medical Imaging1471-23422022-12-012211610.1186/s12880-022-00953-9Using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography to assess the degree of acute testicular torsion: a case seriesBin Zou0Fuqiang Zeng1Yuling Yang2Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineDepartment of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineDepartment of Medical Imaging, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineAbstract Background There are two types of testicular torsion: complete and incomplete. The degree and duration of symptoms of this condition are critical for treatment decision-making, as the consequences for untimely diagnosis and management can be serious. The preoperative assessment of the degree of acute testicular torsion using ultrasonography is particularly important for determining the appropriate intervention. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of high-frequency versus contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in determining the degree of acute testicular torsion. Methods Fifteen patients with clinically diagnosed acute testicular torsion underwent both high-frequency and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. We compared the characteristics of the ultrasonographic images of the testicular parenchyma in both the afflicted and contralateral (healthy) testes to determine the reliability of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in assessing the degree of acute testicular torsion. Results The high-frequency ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound diagnosis of 4 complete testicular torsion and 11 incomplete testicular torsion were correct before operation. However, 5 patients with incomplete testicular torsion were misdiagnosed as complete testicular torsion because no blood flow was detected by high frequency ultrasound. Finally, low speed blood flow was detected by contrast-enhanced ultrasound and the diagnosis was corrected. The accuracy of diagnosing incomplete testicular torsion was 100% using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and 66.7% using high-frequency ultrasonography; the difference between the two methods was statistically significant (χ2 = 2.50, P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography can diagnose testicular torsion with high accuracy and can detect low-velocity blood flow and show microcirculatory blood perfusion in the testicular parenchyma. This can avoid misdiagnosing incomplete testicular torsion as complete, thus averting unnecessary orchiectomy.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-022-00953-9Testicular torsionUltrasonographyContrast enhancementDoppler |
| spellingShingle | Bin Zou Fuqiang Zeng Yuling Yang Using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography to assess the degree of acute testicular torsion: a case series BMC Medical Imaging Testicular torsion Ultrasonography Contrast enhancement Doppler |
| title | Using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography to assess the degree of acute testicular torsion: a case series |
| title_full | Using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography to assess the degree of acute testicular torsion: a case series |
| title_fullStr | Using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography to assess the degree of acute testicular torsion: a case series |
| title_full_unstemmed | Using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography to assess the degree of acute testicular torsion: a case series |
| title_short | Using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography to assess the degree of acute testicular torsion: a case series |
| title_sort | using contrast enhanced ultrasonography to assess the degree of acute testicular torsion a case series |
| topic | Testicular torsion Ultrasonography Contrast enhancement Doppler |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-022-00953-9 |
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