Genome-Wide Analysis of Lipoxygenase (LOX) Genes in Angiosperms
Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are enzymes that catalyze the addition of an oxygen molecule to unsaturated fatty acids, thus forming hydroperoxides. In plants, these enzymes are encoded by a multigene family found in several organs with varying activity patterns, by which they are classified as LOX9 or LOX13....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/2/398 |
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| author | Paula Oliveira Camargo Natália Fermino Calzado Ilara Gabriela Frasson Budzinski Douglas Silva Domingues |
| author_facet | Paula Oliveira Camargo Natália Fermino Calzado Ilara Gabriela Frasson Budzinski Douglas Silva Domingues |
| author_sort | Paula Oliveira Camargo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are enzymes that catalyze the addition of an oxygen molecule to unsaturated fatty acids, thus forming hydroperoxides. In plants, these enzymes are encoded by a multigene family found in several organs with varying activity patterns, by which they are classified as LOX9 or LOX13. They are involved in several physiological functions, such as growth, fruit development, and plant defense. Despite several studies on genes of the LOX family in plants, most studies are restricted to a single species or a few closely related species. This study aimed to analyze the diversity, evolution, and expression of LOX genes in angiosperm species. We identified 247 LOX genes among 23 species of angiosperms and basal plants. Phylogenetic analyses identified clades supporting LOX13 and two main clades for LOX9: LOX9_A and LOX9_B. Eudicot species such as <i>Tarenaya hassleriana</i>, <i>Capsella rubella</i>, and <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> did not present LOX9_B genes; however, LOX9_B was present in all monocots used in this study. We identified that there were potential new subcellular localization patterns and conserved residues of oxidation for LOX9 and LOX13 yet unexplored. In summary, our study provides a basis for the further functional and evolutionary study of lipoxygenases in angiosperms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:24:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e9a9ddd1fd0f46ed915c4ee55e7efa3c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:24:52Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-e9a9ddd1fd0f46ed915c4ee55e7efa3c2023-12-01T00:06:14ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-01-0112239810.3390/plants12020398Genome-Wide Analysis of Lipoxygenase (LOX) Genes in AngiospermsPaula Oliveira Camargo0Natália Fermino Calzado1Ilara Gabriela Frasson Budzinski2Douglas Silva Domingues3Group of Genomics and Transcriptomes in Plants, Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rio Claro 13506-900, SP, BrazilGroup of Genomics and Transcriptomes in Plants, Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rio Claro 13506-900, SP, BrazilGroup of Genomics and Transcriptomes in Plants, Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rio Claro 13506-900, SP, BrazilGroup of Genomics and Transcriptomes in Plants, Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rio Claro 13506-900, SP, BrazilLipoxygenases (LOXs) are enzymes that catalyze the addition of an oxygen molecule to unsaturated fatty acids, thus forming hydroperoxides. In plants, these enzymes are encoded by a multigene family found in several organs with varying activity patterns, by which they are classified as LOX9 or LOX13. They are involved in several physiological functions, such as growth, fruit development, and plant defense. Despite several studies on genes of the LOX family in plants, most studies are restricted to a single species or a few closely related species. This study aimed to analyze the diversity, evolution, and expression of LOX genes in angiosperm species. We identified 247 LOX genes among 23 species of angiosperms and basal plants. Phylogenetic analyses identified clades supporting LOX13 and two main clades for LOX9: LOX9_A and LOX9_B. Eudicot species such as <i>Tarenaya hassleriana</i>, <i>Capsella rubella</i>, and <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> did not present LOX9_B genes; however, LOX9_B was present in all monocots used in this study. We identified that there were potential new subcellular localization patterns and conserved residues of oxidation for LOX9 and LOX13 yet unexplored. In summary, our study provides a basis for the further functional and evolutionary study of lipoxygenases in angiosperms.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/2/398lipoxygenase gene familyangiospermspurifying selection |
| spellingShingle | Paula Oliveira Camargo Natália Fermino Calzado Ilara Gabriela Frasson Budzinski Douglas Silva Domingues Genome-Wide Analysis of Lipoxygenase (LOX) Genes in Angiosperms Plants lipoxygenase gene family angiosperms purifying selection |
| title | Genome-Wide Analysis of Lipoxygenase (LOX) Genes in Angiosperms |
| title_full | Genome-Wide Analysis of Lipoxygenase (LOX) Genes in Angiosperms |
| title_fullStr | Genome-Wide Analysis of Lipoxygenase (LOX) Genes in Angiosperms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genome-Wide Analysis of Lipoxygenase (LOX) Genes in Angiosperms |
| title_short | Genome-Wide Analysis of Lipoxygenase (LOX) Genes in Angiosperms |
| title_sort | genome wide analysis of lipoxygenase lox genes in angiosperms |
| topic | lipoxygenase gene family angiosperms purifying selection |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/2/398 |
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