Plasmodium falciparum infection and clinical indicators in relation to net coverage in central Côte d’Ivoire
Abstract Background Sleeping under a net, particularly a long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN), is associated with reduced malaria morbidity and mortality, but requires high coverage and adherence. In this study, parasitologically confirmed Plasmodium falciparum infection and a clinical indicator (i....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2014-07-01
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| Series: | Parasites & Vectors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-7-306 |
| _version_ | 1797811655898300416 |
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| author | Allassane F Ouattara Mamadou Dagnogo Piero L Olliaro Giovanna Raso Marcel Tanner Jürg Utzinger Benjamin G Koudou |
| author_facet | Allassane F Ouattara Mamadou Dagnogo Piero L Olliaro Giovanna Raso Marcel Tanner Jürg Utzinger Benjamin G Koudou |
| author_sort | Allassane F Ouattara |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Sleeping under a net, particularly a long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN), is associated with reduced malaria morbidity and mortality, but requires high coverage and adherence. In this study, parasitologically confirmed Plasmodium falciparum infection and a clinical indicator (i.e. fever) were measured among children in three villages of central Côte d’Ivoire (Bozi, N’Dakonankro and Yoho) and associations with net coverage explored. In Bozi and Yoho, LLINs were provided by the national malaria control programme, prior to the study and an additional catch-up coverage was carried out in Bozi. In N’Dakonankro, no net intervention was conducted. Methods Three cross-sectional surveys were carried out; two in the dry season (February 2010 and November 2011) and one in the rainy season (May 2012). Among 897 children aged <15 years, P. falciparum infection was determined by microscopy and a rapid diagnostic test (RDT). Fever was defined as an axillary temperature ≥37.5°C. A questionnaire was administered to obtain demographic data and net usage. Results The proportion of children infected with P. falciparum according to microscopy in the third survey was 74%, 81% and 82% in Yoho, N’Dakonankro and Bozi, respectively. Meanwhile, 46% of the children in N’Dakonankro, 44% in Bozi and 33% in Yoho slept under a net. The risk of P. falciparum infection did not differ between net-sleepers and non-net-sleepers. Fewer children had parasitaemia ≥1,000 parasites/μl of blood in Bozi in the third compared to the first survey. Fever was poorly correlated with P. falciparum infection. The risk of P. falciparum infection did not depend on the village of residence, presence of fever or sleeping under LLIN the night before the survey. Conversely, it was higher in the rainy season and among older children. Conclusions In an area where P. falciparum is highly prevalent, the use of nets was associated with significantly lower levels of parasitaemia. The apparent lack of effect on P. falciparum infection and fever might be explained by the relatively low net coverage in Bozi and Yoho and the relatively short period (<2 years) during which the impact of nets was measured. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T07:26:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e9abc42b35834cbe82907452d4d7e0a7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-3305 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T07:26:54Z |
| publishDate | 2014-07-01 |
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| series | Parasites & Vectors |
| spelling | doaj.art-e9abc42b35834cbe82907452d4d7e0a72023-06-04T11:21:42ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052014-07-017111110.1186/1756-3305-7-306Plasmodium falciparum infection and clinical indicators in relation to net coverage in central Côte d’IvoireAllassane F Ouattara0Mamadou Dagnogo1Piero L Olliaro2Giovanna Raso3Marcel Tanner4Jürg Utzinger5Benjamin G Koudou6Département Environnement et Santé, Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’IvoireLaboratoire de Cytologie et de Biologie Animale, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Sciences de la Nature, Université Nangui AbrogouaUNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR)Département Environnement et Santé, Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’IvoireDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health InstituteDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health InstituteDépartement Environnement et Santé, Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’IvoireAbstract Background Sleeping under a net, particularly a long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN), is associated with reduced malaria morbidity and mortality, but requires high coverage and adherence. In this study, parasitologically confirmed Plasmodium falciparum infection and a clinical indicator (i.e. fever) were measured among children in three villages of central Côte d’Ivoire (Bozi, N’Dakonankro and Yoho) and associations with net coverage explored. In Bozi and Yoho, LLINs were provided by the national malaria control programme, prior to the study and an additional catch-up coverage was carried out in Bozi. In N’Dakonankro, no net intervention was conducted. Methods Three cross-sectional surveys were carried out; two in the dry season (February 2010 and November 2011) and one in the rainy season (May 2012). Among 897 children aged <15 years, P. falciparum infection was determined by microscopy and a rapid diagnostic test (RDT). Fever was defined as an axillary temperature ≥37.5°C. A questionnaire was administered to obtain demographic data and net usage. Results The proportion of children infected with P. falciparum according to microscopy in the third survey was 74%, 81% and 82% in Yoho, N’Dakonankro and Bozi, respectively. Meanwhile, 46% of the children in N’Dakonankro, 44% in Bozi and 33% in Yoho slept under a net. The risk of P. falciparum infection did not differ between net-sleepers and non-net-sleepers. Fewer children had parasitaemia ≥1,000 parasites/μl of blood in Bozi in the third compared to the first survey. Fever was poorly correlated with P. falciparum infection. The risk of P. falciparum infection did not depend on the village of residence, presence of fever or sleeping under LLIN the night before the survey. Conversely, it was higher in the rainy season and among older children. Conclusions In an area where P. falciparum is highly prevalent, the use of nets was associated with significantly lower levels of parasitaemia. The apparent lack of effect on P. falciparum infection and fever might be explained by the relatively low net coverage in Bozi and Yoho and the relatively short period (<2 years) during which the impact of nets was measured.https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-7-306Plasmodium falciparumFeverLong-lasting insecticidal netPrevalenceMicroscopyRapid diagnostic test |
| spellingShingle | Allassane F Ouattara Mamadou Dagnogo Piero L Olliaro Giovanna Raso Marcel Tanner Jürg Utzinger Benjamin G Koudou Plasmodium falciparum infection and clinical indicators in relation to net coverage in central Côte d’Ivoire Parasites & Vectors Plasmodium falciparum Fever Long-lasting insecticidal net Prevalence Microscopy Rapid diagnostic test |
| title | Plasmodium falciparum infection and clinical indicators in relation to net coverage in central Côte d’Ivoire |
| title_full | Plasmodium falciparum infection and clinical indicators in relation to net coverage in central Côte d’Ivoire |
| title_fullStr | Plasmodium falciparum infection and clinical indicators in relation to net coverage in central Côte d’Ivoire |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plasmodium falciparum infection and clinical indicators in relation to net coverage in central Côte d’Ivoire |
| title_short | Plasmodium falciparum infection and clinical indicators in relation to net coverage in central Côte d’Ivoire |
| title_sort | plasmodium falciparum infection and clinical indicators in relation to net coverage in central cote d ivoire |
| topic | Plasmodium falciparum Fever Long-lasting insecticidal net Prevalence Microscopy Rapid diagnostic test |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-7-306 |
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