The Preparation, Microstructure, and Wet Wear Properties of an Fe55-Based Welding Layer with the Co-Addition of 0.01 wt% CeO<sub>2</sub> and 1.5 wt% SiC Particles Using the Plasma Beam Spraying Method
Severe erosion wear is found on valve spools, which threatens the safety and reliability of these units. The use of the plasma beam spraying surfacing method can significantly improve the corrosion resistance and sealing performance of hydraulic valve spools, reduce material waste, and reduce mainte...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/23/7439 |
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| author | Liang Yu Fuming He Xinbin Liu Yanli Jiang Mengmeng Sui Xiuling Cao Zhengbing Meng |
| author_facet | Liang Yu Fuming He Xinbin Liu Yanli Jiang Mengmeng Sui Xiuling Cao Zhengbing Meng |
| author_sort | Liang Yu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Severe erosion wear is found on valve spools, which threatens the safety and reliability of these units. The use of the plasma beam spraying surfacing method can significantly improve the corrosion resistance and sealing performance of hydraulic valve spools, reduce material waste, and reduce maintenance costs. The effects of the co-addition of CeO<sub>2</sub> and SiC particles on the morphology, surface cracks, microstructure, precipitated phases, and wear property of plasma-beam-sprayed Fe55-based coatings on 1025 steel were investigated using OM, EDS, ultra-deep field microscopy, and a wet sand rubber wheel friction tester, respectively. The dendrite exhibited a directional growth pattern perpendicular to the substrate and the transitional states of the microstructure with the co-addition of CeO<sub>2</sub> and SiC particles. CeO<sub>2</sub> or SiC reduced the liquid phase diffusion coefficient D<sub>L</sub> of Cr and C and resulted in a decrease in the G/R ratio. The dendrites changed into equiaxed grains. The main phase composition of the Fe55 welding layer was Cr<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub>, γ-Fe. The martensite in the surfacing layer and the carbides formed Cr<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub>, which can improve the hardness of the surfacing layer. The grain boundaries consisted mainly of a reticular eutectic structure. The uniform distribution of the Cr<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub> hard phase in the Fe55+1.5 wt% SiC+0.01 wt% CeO<sub>2</sub> resulted in a uniformly worn surface. The sub-wear mechanisms during the friction process were micro-ploughing and micro-cutting. The hardness and toughness of Fe55+1.5 wt% SiC+0.01 wt% CeO<sub>2</sub> were well-matched, avoiding excessive micro-cutting and microplastic deformation. A low content of CeO<sub>2</sub> could lead to the formation of equiaxed grain and effectively improve the uniformity of the microstructure. The wear-resistant layer of Fe55+1.5 wt% SiC+0.01 wt% CeO<sub>2</sub> can effectively improve the service life and long-term sealing performance of the valve spools. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:47:26Z |
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| id | doaj.art-e9ade3d02c934eb0a45debba8a7d46b7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:47:26Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-e9ade3d02c934eb0a45debba8a7d46b72023-12-08T15:21:13ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-11-011623743910.3390/ma16237439The Preparation, Microstructure, and Wet Wear Properties of an Fe55-Based Welding Layer with the Co-Addition of 0.01 wt% CeO<sub>2</sub> and 1.5 wt% SiC Particles Using the Plasma Beam Spraying MethodLiang Yu0Fuming He1Xinbin Liu2Yanli Jiang3Mengmeng Sui4Xiuling Cao5Zhengbing Meng6Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals & Materials, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaKey Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals & Materials, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaSchool of Intelligent Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, ChinaKey Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals & Materials, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaKey Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals & Materials, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaHebei Technology Innovation Center for Intelligent Development and Control of Underground Built Environment, Shijiazhuang 050031, ChinaKey Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals & Materials, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaSevere erosion wear is found on valve spools, which threatens the safety and reliability of these units. The use of the plasma beam spraying surfacing method can significantly improve the corrosion resistance and sealing performance of hydraulic valve spools, reduce material waste, and reduce maintenance costs. The effects of the co-addition of CeO<sub>2</sub> and SiC particles on the morphology, surface cracks, microstructure, precipitated phases, and wear property of plasma-beam-sprayed Fe55-based coatings on 1025 steel were investigated using OM, EDS, ultra-deep field microscopy, and a wet sand rubber wheel friction tester, respectively. The dendrite exhibited a directional growth pattern perpendicular to the substrate and the transitional states of the microstructure with the co-addition of CeO<sub>2</sub> and SiC particles. CeO<sub>2</sub> or SiC reduced the liquid phase diffusion coefficient D<sub>L</sub> of Cr and C and resulted in a decrease in the G/R ratio. The dendrites changed into equiaxed grains. The main phase composition of the Fe55 welding layer was Cr<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub>, γ-Fe. The martensite in the surfacing layer and the carbides formed Cr<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub>, which can improve the hardness of the surfacing layer. The grain boundaries consisted mainly of a reticular eutectic structure. The uniform distribution of the Cr<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub> hard phase in the Fe55+1.5 wt% SiC+0.01 wt% CeO<sub>2</sub> resulted in a uniformly worn surface. The sub-wear mechanisms during the friction process were micro-ploughing and micro-cutting. The hardness and toughness of Fe55+1.5 wt% SiC+0.01 wt% CeO<sub>2</sub> were well-matched, avoiding excessive micro-cutting and microplastic deformation. A low content of CeO<sub>2</sub> could lead to the formation of equiaxed grain and effectively improve the uniformity of the microstructure. The wear-resistant layer of Fe55+1.5 wt% SiC+0.01 wt% CeO<sub>2</sub> can effectively improve the service life and long-term sealing performance of the valve spools.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/23/7439plasma beam spraying methodco-additionCeO<sub>2</sub>microstructurewear performance |
| spellingShingle | Liang Yu Fuming He Xinbin Liu Yanli Jiang Mengmeng Sui Xiuling Cao Zhengbing Meng The Preparation, Microstructure, and Wet Wear Properties of an Fe55-Based Welding Layer with the Co-Addition of 0.01 wt% CeO<sub>2</sub> and 1.5 wt% SiC Particles Using the Plasma Beam Spraying Method Materials plasma beam spraying method co-addition CeO<sub>2</sub> microstructure wear performance |
| title | The Preparation, Microstructure, and Wet Wear Properties of an Fe55-Based Welding Layer with the Co-Addition of 0.01 wt% CeO<sub>2</sub> and 1.5 wt% SiC Particles Using the Plasma Beam Spraying Method |
| title_full | The Preparation, Microstructure, and Wet Wear Properties of an Fe55-Based Welding Layer with the Co-Addition of 0.01 wt% CeO<sub>2</sub> and 1.5 wt% SiC Particles Using the Plasma Beam Spraying Method |
| title_fullStr | The Preparation, Microstructure, and Wet Wear Properties of an Fe55-Based Welding Layer with the Co-Addition of 0.01 wt% CeO<sub>2</sub> and 1.5 wt% SiC Particles Using the Plasma Beam Spraying Method |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Preparation, Microstructure, and Wet Wear Properties of an Fe55-Based Welding Layer with the Co-Addition of 0.01 wt% CeO<sub>2</sub> and 1.5 wt% SiC Particles Using the Plasma Beam Spraying Method |
| title_short | The Preparation, Microstructure, and Wet Wear Properties of an Fe55-Based Welding Layer with the Co-Addition of 0.01 wt% CeO<sub>2</sub> and 1.5 wt% SiC Particles Using the Plasma Beam Spraying Method |
| title_sort | preparation microstructure and wet wear properties of an fe55 based welding layer with the co addition of 0 01 wt ceo sub 2 sub and 1 5 wt sic particles using the plasma beam spraying method |
| topic | plasma beam spraying method co-addition CeO<sub>2</sub> microstructure wear performance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/23/7439 |
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