Response to Cadmium Toxicity: Orchestration of Polyamines and microRNAs in Maize Plant
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that is widely contaminating the environment due to its uses in industries as corrosive reagents, paints, batteries, etc. Cd can easily be absorbed through plant roots and may have serious negative impacts on plant growth. To investigate the mechanisms utilized by plant...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/10/1991 |
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| author | Seyedeh Batool Hassani Mojgan Latifi Sasan Aliniaeifard Shabnam Sohrabi Bonab Neda Nasiri Almanghadim Sara Jafari Elham Mohebbifar Anahita Ahangir Maryam Seifikalhor Hassan Rezadoost Massimo Bosacchi Anshu Rastogi Françoise Bernard |
| author_facet | Seyedeh Batool Hassani Mojgan Latifi Sasan Aliniaeifard Shabnam Sohrabi Bonab Neda Nasiri Almanghadim Sara Jafari Elham Mohebbifar Anahita Ahangir Maryam Seifikalhor Hassan Rezadoost Massimo Bosacchi Anshu Rastogi Françoise Bernard |
| author_sort | Seyedeh Batool Hassani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that is widely contaminating the environment due to its uses in industries as corrosive reagents, paints, batteries, etc. Cd can easily be absorbed through plant roots and may have serious negative impacts on plant growth. To investigate the mechanisms utilized by plants to cope with Cd toxicity, an experiment was conducted on maize seedlings. We observed that the plant growth and photosynthetic mechanism were negatively influenced during 20 days of Cd stress. The expression levels of ornithine decarboxylase (<i>ORDC</i>) increased in the six seedlings under Cd exposure compared to the control. However, Cd toxicity led to an increase in putrescine (Put) content only on day 15 when compared to the control plants. In fact, with the exception of day 15, the increases in the <i>ORDC</i> transcript levels did not show a direct correlation with the observed increases in Put content. Spermidine and Spermine levels were reduced on day 6 by Cd application, which was parallel with suppressed Spermidine synthase gene. However, an increase in Spermidine and Spermine levels was observed on day 12 along with a significant elevation in Spermidine synthase expression. On day 6, Cd was observed to start accumulating in the root with an increase in the expression of microRNA 528; while on day 15, Cd started to be observed in the shoot part with an increase in microRNA 390 and microRNA 168. These results imply that different miRNAs may regulate polyamines (PAs) in maize under Cd toxicity, suggesting a plant-derived strategy to commit a PAs/miRNA-regulated mechanism/s in different developmental stages (time points) in response to Cd exposure. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:23:55Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-e9d0be3c70e54fe294811a7988eed04f2023-11-18T02:56:04ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-05-011210199110.3390/plants12101991Response to Cadmium Toxicity: Orchestration of Polyamines and microRNAs in Maize PlantSeyedeh Batool Hassani0Mojgan Latifi1Sasan Aliniaeifard2Shabnam Sohrabi Bonab3Neda Nasiri Almanghadim4Sara Jafari5Elham Mohebbifar6Anahita Ahangir7Maryam Seifikalhor8Hassan Rezadoost9Massimo Bosacchi10Anshu Rastogi11Françoise Bernard12Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839-69411, IranDepartment of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839-69411, IranPhotosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agricultural Technology (Aburaihan), University of Tehran, Tehran 33916-53755, IranDepartment of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839-69411, IranDepartment of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839-69411, IranDepartment of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839-69411, IranDepartment of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839-69411, IranDepartment of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839-69411, IranParcham Company, Pakdasht, Tehran 33916-53755, IranDepartment of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839-69411, IranPark at the Danforth Plant Science Center, KWS Gateway Research Center, LLC, BRDG, Saint Louis, MO 95618, USALaboratory of Bioclimatology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94, 60-649 Poznań, PolandDepartment of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839-69411, IranCadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that is widely contaminating the environment due to its uses in industries as corrosive reagents, paints, batteries, etc. Cd can easily be absorbed through plant roots and may have serious negative impacts on plant growth. To investigate the mechanisms utilized by plants to cope with Cd toxicity, an experiment was conducted on maize seedlings. We observed that the plant growth and photosynthetic mechanism were negatively influenced during 20 days of Cd stress. The expression levels of ornithine decarboxylase (<i>ORDC</i>) increased in the six seedlings under Cd exposure compared to the control. However, Cd toxicity led to an increase in putrescine (Put) content only on day 15 when compared to the control plants. In fact, with the exception of day 15, the increases in the <i>ORDC</i> transcript levels did not show a direct correlation with the observed increases in Put content. Spermidine and Spermine levels were reduced on day 6 by Cd application, which was parallel with suppressed Spermidine synthase gene. However, an increase in Spermidine and Spermine levels was observed on day 12 along with a significant elevation in Spermidine synthase expression. On day 6, Cd was observed to start accumulating in the root with an increase in the expression of microRNA 528; while on day 15, Cd started to be observed in the shoot part with an increase in microRNA 390 and microRNA 168. These results imply that different miRNAs may regulate polyamines (PAs) in maize under Cd toxicity, suggesting a plant-derived strategy to commit a PAs/miRNA-regulated mechanism/s in different developmental stages (time points) in response to Cd exposure.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/10/1991cadmium stressmicroRNAsphotosynthesisputrescine<i>Zea mays</i> L. |
| spellingShingle | Seyedeh Batool Hassani Mojgan Latifi Sasan Aliniaeifard Shabnam Sohrabi Bonab Neda Nasiri Almanghadim Sara Jafari Elham Mohebbifar Anahita Ahangir Maryam Seifikalhor Hassan Rezadoost Massimo Bosacchi Anshu Rastogi Françoise Bernard Response to Cadmium Toxicity: Orchestration of Polyamines and microRNAs in Maize Plant Plants cadmium stress microRNAs photosynthesis putrescine <i>Zea mays</i> L. |
| title | Response to Cadmium Toxicity: Orchestration of Polyamines and microRNAs in Maize Plant |
| title_full | Response to Cadmium Toxicity: Orchestration of Polyamines and microRNAs in Maize Plant |
| title_fullStr | Response to Cadmium Toxicity: Orchestration of Polyamines and microRNAs in Maize Plant |
| title_full_unstemmed | Response to Cadmium Toxicity: Orchestration of Polyamines and microRNAs in Maize Plant |
| title_short | Response to Cadmium Toxicity: Orchestration of Polyamines and microRNAs in Maize Plant |
| title_sort | response to cadmium toxicity orchestration of polyamines and micrornas in maize plant |
| topic | cadmium stress microRNAs photosynthesis putrescine <i>Zea mays</i> L. |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/10/1991 |
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