Variability and predictors of urinary concentrations of organophosphate flame retardant metabolites among pregnant women in Rhode Island
Abstract Background Organophospate flame retardants (PFRs) are chemicals of emerging concern due to restrictions on polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardant formulations. We describe the occurrence, variability, and predictors of urinary metabolites of PFRs among pregnant women. Methods In 2014...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2017-04-01
|
| Series: | Environmental Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12940-017-0247-z |
| _version_ | 1831741064785952768 |
|---|---|
| author | Megan E. Romano Nicola L. Hawley Melissa Eliot Antonia M. Calafat Nayana K. Jayatilaka Karl Kelsey Stephen McGarvey Maureen G. Phipps David A. Savitz Erika F. Werner Joseph M. Braun |
| author_facet | Megan E. Romano Nicola L. Hawley Melissa Eliot Antonia M. Calafat Nayana K. Jayatilaka Karl Kelsey Stephen McGarvey Maureen G. Phipps David A. Savitz Erika F. Werner Joseph M. Braun |
| author_sort | Megan E. Romano |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Organophospate flame retardants (PFRs) are chemicals of emerging concern due to restrictions on polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardant formulations. We describe the occurrence, variability, and predictors of urinary metabolites of PFRs among pregnant women. Methods In 2014–2015, 59 women from Providence, RI provided up to 3 spot urine samples during pregnancy (~12, 28, and 35 weeks’ gestation). We created a pooled urine sample per woman and measured nine relevant metabolites in individual and pooled samples. We used linear mixed models to calculate intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) across the 3 measurements and to assess sociodemographic and dietary predictors of PFRs. Results The median (IQR) of bis-2-chloroethyl phosphate (BCEP), bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP), and diphenyl phosphate (DPhP), the metabolites most frequently detected, from pooled samples were: 0.31 μg/L (0.17–0.54), 1.18 μg/L (0.64–2.19), 0.93 μg/L (0.72–1.97), respectively. We observed fair to good reproducibility for BCEP (ICC = 0.50), BDCPP (ICC = 0.60), and DPhP (ICC = 0.43), and excellent agreement between the urinary flame retardant metabolite concentrations averaged across pregnancy versus pooled urine sample concentrations for BCEP (ICC = 0.95), BDCPP (ICC = 0.89), and DPhP (ICC = 0.93). Adjusting for pertinent sociodemographic factors and gestational week of urine collection, each 1 kg increase in pre-pregnancy weight was associated with greater BCEP (1.1%; 95% CI: 0.1, 2.1), BDCPP (1.5%; 95% CI: 0.3, 2.7), and DPhP (0.5%; 95% CI: 0.0, 1.1). Dietary factors were generally not associated with urinary flame retardant metabolites. Conclusions Urinary concentrations of BCEP, BDCPP, and DPhP were frequently detected among women in this pilot study and had fair reproducibility across pregnancy. Body size may be an important predictor of urinary flame retardant metabolite concentrations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T14:09:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e9e2ab4da44345c69635cbdfd76066eb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1476-069X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T14:09:54Z |
| publishDate | 2017-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-e9e2ab4da44345c69635cbdfd76066eb2022-12-21T19:01:05ZengBMCEnvironmental Health1476-069X2017-04-0116111110.1186/s12940-017-0247-zVariability and predictors of urinary concentrations of organophosphate flame retardant metabolites among pregnant women in Rhode IslandMegan E. Romano0Nicola L. Hawley1Melissa Eliot2Antonia M. Calafat3Nayana K. Jayatilaka4Karl Kelsey5Stephen McGarvey6Maureen G. Phipps7David A. Savitz8Erika F. Werner9Joseph M. Braun10Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public HealthDepartment of Epidemiology (Chronic Diseases), Yale University School of Public HealthDepartment of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public HealthDivision of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionDivision of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionDepartment of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public HealthDepartment of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public HealthDepartment of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public HealthDepartment of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public HealthDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, and Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode IslandDepartment of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public HealthAbstract Background Organophospate flame retardants (PFRs) are chemicals of emerging concern due to restrictions on polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardant formulations. We describe the occurrence, variability, and predictors of urinary metabolites of PFRs among pregnant women. Methods In 2014–2015, 59 women from Providence, RI provided up to 3 spot urine samples during pregnancy (~12, 28, and 35 weeks’ gestation). We created a pooled urine sample per woman and measured nine relevant metabolites in individual and pooled samples. We used linear mixed models to calculate intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) across the 3 measurements and to assess sociodemographic and dietary predictors of PFRs. Results The median (IQR) of bis-2-chloroethyl phosphate (BCEP), bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP), and diphenyl phosphate (DPhP), the metabolites most frequently detected, from pooled samples were: 0.31 μg/L (0.17–0.54), 1.18 μg/L (0.64–2.19), 0.93 μg/L (0.72–1.97), respectively. We observed fair to good reproducibility for BCEP (ICC = 0.50), BDCPP (ICC = 0.60), and DPhP (ICC = 0.43), and excellent agreement between the urinary flame retardant metabolite concentrations averaged across pregnancy versus pooled urine sample concentrations for BCEP (ICC = 0.95), BDCPP (ICC = 0.89), and DPhP (ICC = 0.93). Adjusting for pertinent sociodemographic factors and gestational week of urine collection, each 1 kg increase in pre-pregnancy weight was associated with greater BCEP (1.1%; 95% CI: 0.1, 2.1), BDCPP (1.5%; 95% CI: 0.3, 2.7), and DPhP (0.5%; 95% CI: 0.0, 1.1). Dietary factors were generally not associated with urinary flame retardant metabolites. Conclusions Urinary concentrations of BCEP, BDCPP, and DPhP were frequently detected among women in this pilot study and had fair reproducibility across pregnancy. Body size may be an important predictor of urinary flame retardant metabolite concentrations.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12940-017-0247-zFlame retardantsPregnancyUrine metabolites |
| spellingShingle | Megan E. Romano Nicola L. Hawley Melissa Eliot Antonia M. Calafat Nayana K. Jayatilaka Karl Kelsey Stephen McGarvey Maureen G. Phipps David A. Savitz Erika F. Werner Joseph M. Braun Variability and predictors of urinary concentrations of organophosphate flame retardant metabolites among pregnant women in Rhode Island Environmental Health Flame retardants Pregnancy Urine metabolites |
| title | Variability and predictors of urinary concentrations of organophosphate flame retardant metabolites among pregnant women in Rhode Island |
| title_full | Variability and predictors of urinary concentrations of organophosphate flame retardant metabolites among pregnant women in Rhode Island |
| title_fullStr | Variability and predictors of urinary concentrations of organophosphate flame retardant metabolites among pregnant women in Rhode Island |
| title_full_unstemmed | Variability and predictors of urinary concentrations of organophosphate flame retardant metabolites among pregnant women in Rhode Island |
| title_short | Variability and predictors of urinary concentrations of organophosphate flame retardant metabolites among pregnant women in Rhode Island |
| title_sort | variability and predictors of urinary concentrations of organophosphate flame retardant metabolites among pregnant women in rhode island |
| topic | Flame retardants Pregnancy Urine metabolites |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12940-017-0247-z |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT meganeromano variabilityandpredictorsofurinaryconcentrationsoforganophosphateflameretardantmetabolitesamongpregnantwomeninrhodeisland AT nicolalhawley variabilityandpredictorsofurinaryconcentrationsoforganophosphateflameretardantmetabolitesamongpregnantwomeninrhodeisland AT melissaeliot variabilityandpredictorsofurinaryconcentrationsoforganophosphateflameretardantmetabolitesamongpregnantwomeninrhodeisland AT antoniamcalafat variabilityandpredictorsofurinaryconcentrationsoforganophosphateflameretardantmetabolitesamongpregnantwomeninrhodeisland AT nayanakjayatilaka variabilityandpredictorsofurinaryconcentrationsoforganophosphateflameretardantmetabolitesamongpregnantwomeninrhodeisland AT karlkelsey variabilityandpredictorsofurinaryconcentrationsoforganophosphateflameretardantmetabolitesamongpregnantwomeninrhodeisland AT stephenmcgarvey variabilityandpredictorsofurinaryconcentrationsoforganophosphateflameretardantmetabolitesamongpregnantwomeninrhodeisland AT maureengphipps variabilityandpredictorsofurinaryconcentrationsoforganophosphateflameretardantmetabolitesamongpregnantwomeninrhodeisland AT davidasavitz variabilityandpredictorsofurinaryconcentrationsoforganophosphateflameretardantmetabolitesamongpregnantwomeninrhodeisland AT erikafwerner variabilityandpredictorsofurinaryconcentrationsoforganophosphateflameretardantmetabolitesamongpregnantwomeninrhodeisland AT josephmbraun variabilityandpredictorsofurinaryconcentrationsoforganophosphateflameretardantmetabolitesamongpregnantwomeninrhodeisland |