Detection of the Synthetic Cannabinoids AB-CHMINACA, ADB-CHMINACA, MDMB-CHMICA, and 5F-MDMB-PINACA in Biological Matrices: A Systematic Review
New synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are emerging rapidly and continuously. Biological matrices are key for their precise detection to link toxicity and symptoms to each compound and concentration and ascertain consumption trends. The objective of this study was to determine the best human biological ma...
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/5/796 |
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| author | Elisabet Navarro-Tapia Jana Codina Víctor José Villanueva-Blasco Óscar García-Algar Vicente Andreu-Fernández |
| author_facet | Elisabet Navarro-Tapia Jana Codina Víctor José Villanueva-Blasco Óscar García-Algar Vicente Andreu-Fernández |
| author_sort | Elisabet Navarro-Tapia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | New synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are emerging rapidly and continuously. Biological matrices are key for their precise detection to link toxicity and symptoms to each compound and concentration and ascertain consumption trends. The objective of this study was to determine the best human biological matrices to detect the risk-assessed compounds provided by The European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction: AB-CHMINACA, ADB-CHMNACA, MDMB-CHMICA, and 5F-MDMB-PINACA. We carried out a systematic review covering 2015 up to the present date, including original articles assessing detection in antemortem human biological matrices with detailed validation information of the technique. In oral fluid and blood, SC parent compounds were found in oral fluid and blood at low concentrations and usually with other substances; thus, the correlation between SCs concentrations and severity of symptoms could rarely be established. When hair is used as the biological matrix, there are difficulties in excluding passive contamination when evaluating chronic consumption. Detection of metabolites in urine is complex because it requires prior identification studies. LC-MS/MS assays were the most widely used approaches for the selective identification of SCs, although the lack of standard references and the need for revalidation with the continuous emergence of new SCs are limiting factors of this technique. A potential solution is high-resolution mass spectrometry screening, which allows for non-targeted detection and retrospective data interrogation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:18:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e9e9eafd58174fa7b8528e16d518076b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:18:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e9e9eafd58174fa7b8528e16d518076b2023-11-23T10:08:34ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372022-05-0111579610.3390/biology11050796Detection of the Synthetic Cannabinoids AB-CHMINACA, ADB-CHMINACA, MDMB-CHMICA, and 5F-MDMB-PINACA in Biological Matrices: A Systematic ReviewElisabet Navarro-Tapia0Jana Codina1Víctor José Villanueva-Blasco2Óscar García-Algar3Vicente Andreu-Fernández4Grup de Recerca Infancia i Entorn (GRIE), Institut D’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, SpainGrup de Recerca Infancia i Entorn (GRIE), Institut D’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, SpainFaculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University (VIU), 46002 Valencia, SpainGrup de Recerca Infancia i Entorn (GRIE), Institut D’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, SpainGrup de Recerca Infancia i Entorn (GRIE), Institut D’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, SpainNew synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are emerging rapidly and continuously. Biological matrices are key for their precise detection to link toxicity and symptoms to each compound and concentration and ascertain consumption trends. The objective of this study was to determine the best human biological matrices to detect the risk-assessed compounds provided by The European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction: AB-CHMINACA, ADB-CHMNACA, MDMB-CHMICA, and 5F-MDMB-PINACA. We carried out a systematic review covering 2015 up to the present date, including original articles assessing detection in antemortem human biological matrices with detailed validation information of the technique. In oral fluid and blood, SC parent compounds were found in oral fluid and blood at low concentrations and usually with other substances; thus, the correlation between SCs concentrations and severity of symptoms could rarely be established. When hair is used as the biological matrix, there are difficulties in excluding passive contamination when evaluating chronic consumption. Detection of metabolites in urine is complex because it requires prior identification studies. LC-MS/MS assays were the most widely used approaches for the selective identification of SCs, although the lack of standard references and the need for revalidation with the continuous emergence of new SCs are limiting factors of this technique. A potential solution is high-resolution mass spectrometry screening, which allows for non-targeted detection and retrospective data interrogation.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/5/796synthetic cannabinoidsAB-CHMINACAADB-CHMNACAMDMB-CHMICA5F-MDMB-PINACA5F-ADB |
| spellingShingle | Elisabet Navarro-Tapia Jana Codina Víctor José Villanueva-Blasco Óscar García-Algar Vicente Andreu-Fernández Detection of the Synthetic Cannabinoids AB-CHMINACA, ADB-CHMINACA, MDMB-CHMICA, and 5F-MDMB-PINACA in Biological Matrices: A Systematic Review Biology synthetic cannabinoids AB-CHMINACA ADB-CHMNACA MDMB-CHMICA 5F-MDMB-PINACA 5F-ADB |
| title | Detection of the Synthetic Cannabinoids AB-CHMINACA, ADB-CHMINACA, MDMB-CHMICA, and 5F-MDMB-PINACA in Biological Matrices: A Systematic Review |
| title_full | Detection of the Synthetic Cannabinoids AB-CHMINACA, ADB-CHMINACA, MDMB-CHMICA, and 5F-MDMB-PINACA in Biological Matrices: A Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Detection of the Synthetic Cannabinoids AB-CHMINACA, ADB-CHMINACA, MDMB-CHMICA, and 5F-MDMB-PINACA in Biological Matrices: A Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detection of the Synthetic Cannabinoids AB-CHMINACA, ADB-CHMINACA, MDMB-CHMICA, and 5F-MDMB-PINACA in Biological Matrices: A Systematic Review |
| title_short | Detection of the Synthetic Cannabinoids AB-CHMINACA, ADB-CHMINACA, MDMB-CHMICA, and 5F-MDMB-PINACA in Biological Matrices: A Systematic Review |
| title_sort | detection of the synthetic cannabinoids ab chminaca adb chminaca mdmb chmica and 5f mdmb pinaca in biological matrices a systematic review |
| topic | synthetic cannabinoids AB-CHMINACA ADB-CHMNACA MDMB-CHMICA 5F-MDMB-PINACA 5F-ADB |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/5/796 |
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