Myopia, its prevalence, current therapeutic strategy and recent developments: A Review
Myopia is a widespread and complex refractive error in which a person's ability to see distant objects clearly is impaired. Its prevalence rate is increasing worldwide, and as per WHO, it is projected to increase from 22% in 2000 to 52% by 2050. It is more prevalent in developed, industrial are...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Indian Journal of Ophthalmology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.ijo.in/article.asp?issn=0301-4738;year=2022;volume=70;issue=8;spage=2788;epage=2799;aulast=Singh |
| _version_ | 1811343786562813952 |
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| author | Harjeet Singh Harmanpreet Singh Uzma Latief Gurleen Kaur Tung Navid Reza Shahtaghi Nikhil Shri Sahajpal Inderjit Kaur Subheet Kumar Jain |
| author_facet | Harjeet Singh Harmanpreet Singh Uzma Latief Gurleen Kaur Tung Navid Reza Shahtaghi Nikhil Shri Sahajpal Inderjit Kaur Subheet Kumar Jain |
| author_sort | Harjeet Singh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Myopia is a widespread and complex refractive error in which a person's ability to see distant objects clearly is impaired. Its prevalence rate is increasing worldwide, and as per WHO, it is projected to increase from 22% in 2000 to 52% by 2050. It is more prevalent in developed, industrial areas and affects individuals of all ages. There are a number of treatments available for the control of myopia, such as glasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, and pharmaceuticals agents. However, these treatments are less beneficial and have significant side effects. A novel molecule, 7-methylxanthine (7-MX), has been found to be a highly beneficial alternate in the treatment of myopia and excessive eye elongation. Many preclinical and clinical studies showed that 7-MX is effective for the treatment of myopia and is presently under phase II of clinical investigation. We have also investigated preclinical toxicity studies such as acute, sub-acute, sub-chronic, and chronic on rats. In these studies, 7-MX was found to be non-toxic as compared to other reported anti-myopic agents. Moreover, as an ideal drug, 7-MX is observed to have no or low toxicity, brain permeability, non-allergic, higher oral administration efficacy, and low treatment costs and thus qualifies for the long-term treatment of myopia. This review article on 7-MX as an alternative to myopia treatment will highlight recent findings from well-designed preclinical and clinical trials and propose a potential future therapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T19:36:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e9fcf06e6f3a4a2780040dee5a8bc294 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0301-4738 1998-3689 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T19:36:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Indian Journal of Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e9fcf06e6f3a4a2780040dee5a8bc2942022-12-22T02:33:02ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsIndian Journal of Ophthalmology0301-47381998-36892022-01-017082788279910.4103/ijo.IJO_2415_21Myopia, its prevalence, current therapeutic strategy and recent developments: A ReviewHarjeet SinghHarmanpreet SinghUzma LatiefGurleen Kaur TungNavid Reza ShahtaghiNikhil Shri SahajpalInderjit KaurSubheet Kumar JainMyopia is a widespread and complex refractive error in which a person's ability to see distant objects clearly is impaired. Its prevalence rate is increasing worldwide, and as per WHO, it is projected to increase from 22% in 2000 to 52% by 2050. It is more prevalent in developed, industrial areas and affects individuals of all ages. There are a number of treatments available for the control of myopia, such as glasses, contact lenses, laser surgery, and pharmaceuticals agents. However, these treatments are less beneficial and have significant side effects. A novel molecule, 7-methylxanthine (7-MX), has been found to be a highly beneficial alternate in the treatment of myopia and excessive eye elongation. Many preclinical and clinical studies showed that 7-MX is effective for the treatment of myopia and is presently under phase II of clinical investigation. We have also investigated preclinical toxicity studies such as acute, sub-acute, sub-chronic, and chronic on rats. In these studies, 7-MX was found to be non-toxic as compared to other reported anti-myopic agents. Moreover, as an ideal drug, 7-MX is observed to have no or low toxicity, brain permeability, non-allergic, higher oral administration efficacy, and low treatment costs and thus qualifies for the long-term treatment of myopia. This review article on 7-MX as an alternative to myopia treatment will highlight recent findings from well-designed preclinical and clinical trials and propose a potential future therapy.http://www.ijo.in/article.asp?issn=0301-4738;year=2022;volume=70;issue=8;spage=2788;epage=2799;aulast=Singh7-methylxanthinemyopiaprevalencetreatments |
| spellingShingle | Harjeet Singh Harmanpreet Singh Uzma Latief Gurleen Kaur Tung Navid Reza Shahtaghi Nikhil Shri Sahajpal Inderjit Kaur Subheet Kumar Jain Myopia, its prevalence, current therapeutic strategy and recent developments: A Review Indian Journal of Ophthalmology 7-methylxanthine myopia prevalence treatments |
| title | Myopia, its prevalence, current therapeutic strategy and recent developments: A Review |
| title_full | Myopia, its prevalence, current therapeutic strategy and recent developments: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Myopia, its prevalence, current therapeutic strategy and recent developments: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Myopia, its prevalence, current therapeutic strategy and recent developments: A Review |
| title_short | Myopia, its prevalence, current therapeutic strategy and recent developments: A Review |
| title_sort | myopia its prevalence current therapeutic strategy and recent developments a review |
| topic | 7-methylxanthine myopia prevalence treatments |
| url | http://www.ijo.in/article.asp?issn=0301-4738;year=2022;volume=70;issue=8;spage=2788;epage=2799;aulast=Singh |
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