Development of a measure quantifying helpful psychotherapy interventions: The Helpful Therapeutic Attitudes and Interventions Scale
BackgroundDespite the number of empirical studies identifying the helpful factors correlated with beneficial psychotherapy outcomes, there is no validated scale that measures helpful therapeutic attitudes and interventions applied by therapists within the actual therapy process in China. In the curr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1023346/full |
| _version_ | 1811210833814880256 |
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| author | Xiaobao Li Hong Gu Xudong Zhao Fazhan Chen Liang Liu |
| author_facet | Xiaobao Li Hong Gu Xudong Zhao Fazhan Chen Liang Liu |
| author_sort | Xiaobao Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundDespite the number of empirical studies identifying the helpful factors correlated with beneficial psychotherapy outcomes, there is no validated scale that measures helpful therapeutic attitudes and interventions applied by therapists within the actual therapy process in China. In the current study, we developed the Helpful Therapeutic Attitudes and Interventions Scale (HTAIS) as an accessible client-rated instrument to measure useful interventions applied by the therapist during psychotherapy sessions.Materials and methodsBased on the results of previous literature and our prior psychotherapy process studies, a 40-item measure was initially designed. Two studies with a total of 2,780 Chinese participants who received psychotherapy were carried out to evaluate the structure, reliability, and validity of the developed scale.ResultsPrincipal component analysis yielded a three-component HTAIS containing 26 items. The scale included dimensions labeled “Empathy, respect and neutrality,” “Using techniques to solve practical issues,” and “In-depth exploration and expansion.” Confirmatory factor analysis showed the construct validity of the derived three components model. And the developed scale had high internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The scale scores of the HTAIS were positively correlated with those of the Working Alliance Scale and Session Rating Scale, as well as clients’ perceived therapy satisfaction, thus supporting its concurrent validity.ConclusionThe HTAIS allows an immediate examination, as experienced by the client, of the extent to which certain useful therapeutics interventions have been conducted during therapy and could help to improve the clinician’s subsequent therapy strategies. Future research is suggested to further validate the scale, especially to assess its psychometric properties in various populations with different clinical complaints. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T05:03:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ea016d0e07a84d5cb3e1ec3eb987f832 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-0640 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T05:03:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-ea016d0e07a84d5cb3e1ec3eb987f8322022-12-22T03:46:57ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402022-11-011310.3389/fpsyt.2022.10233461023346Development of a measure quantifying helpful psychotherapy interventions: The Helpful Therapeutic Attitudes and Interventions ScaleXiaobao Li0Hong Gu1Xudong Zhao2Fazhan Chen3Liang Liu4Faculty of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, ChinaClinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, ChinaClinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, ChinaClinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, ChinaClinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, ChinaBackgroundDespite the number of empirical studies identifying the helpful factors correlated with beneficial psychotherapy outcomes, there is no validated scale that measures helpful therapeutic attitudes and interventions applied by therapists within the actual therapy process in China. In the current study, we developed the Helpful Therapeutic Attitudes and Interventions Scale (HTAIS) as an accessible client-rated instrument to measure useful interventions applied by the therapist during psychotherapy sessions.Materials and methodsBased on the results of previous literature and our prior psychotherapy process studies, a 40-item measure was initially designed. Two studies with a total of 2,780 Chinese participants who received psychotherapy were carried out to evaluate the structure, reliability, and validity of the developed scale.ResultsPrincipal component analysis yielded a three-component HTAIS containing 26 items. The scale included dimensions labeled “Empathy, respect and neutrality,” “Using techniques to solve practical issues,” and “In-depth exploration and expansion.” Confirmatory factor analysis showed the construct validity of the derived three components model. And the developed scale had high internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The scale scores of the HTAIS were positively correlated with those of the Working Alliance Scale and Session Rating Scale, as well as clients’ perceived therapy satisfaction, thus supporting its concurrent validity.ConclusionThe HTAIS allows an immediate examination, as experienced by the client, of the extent to which certain useful therapeutics interventions have been conducted during therapy and could help to improve the clinician’s subsequent therapy strategies. Future research is suggested to further validate the scale, especially to assess its psychometric properties in various populations with different clinical complaints.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1023346/fullpsychotherapyhelpful interventiontherapeutic attitudemeasurepsychometric property |
| spellingShingle | Xiaobao Li Hong Gu Xudong Zhao Fazhan Chen Liang Liu Development of a measure quantifying helpful psychotherapy interventions: The Helpful Therapeutic Attitudes and Interventions Scale Frontiers in Psychiatry psychotherapy helpful intervention therapeutic attitude measure psychometric property |
| title | Development of a measure quantifying helpful psychotherapy interventions: The Helpful Therapeutic Attitudes and Interventions Scale |
| title_full | Development of a measure quantifying helpful psychotherapy interventions: The Helpful Therapeutic Attitudes and Interventions Scale |
| title_fullStr | Development of a measure quantifying helpful psychotherapy interventions: The Helpful Therapeutic Attitudes and Interventions Scale |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of a measure quantifying helpful psychotherapy interventions: The Helpful Therapeutic Attitudes and Interventions Scale |
| title_short | Development of a measure quantifying helpful psychotherapy interventions: The Helpful Therapeutic Attitudes and Interventions Scale |
| title_sort | development of a measure quantifying helpful psychotherapy interventions the helpful therapeutic attitudes and interventions scale |
| topic | psychotherapy helpful intervention therapeutic attitude measure psychometric property |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1023346/full |
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