Sweet Basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L.)―A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activities, and Biotechnological Development
An urgent demand for natural compound alternatives to conventional medications has arisen due to global health challenges, such as drug resistance and the adverse effects associated with synthetic drugs. Plant extracts are considered an alternative due to their favorable safety profiles and potentia...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-12-01
|
| Series: | Plants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/24/4148 |
| _version_ | 1827395511134453760 |
|---|---|
| author | Nabilah Sekar Azizah Budi Irawan Joko Kusmoro Wahyu Safriansyah Kindi Farabi Dina Oktavia Febri Doni Mia Miranti |
| author_facet | Nabilah Sekar Azizah Budi Irawan Joko Kusmoro Wahyu Safriansyah Kindi Farabi Dina Oktavia Febri Doni Mia Miranti |
| author_sort | Nabilah Sekar Azizah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An urgent demand for natural compound alternatives to conventional medications has arisen due to global health challenges, such as drug resistance and the adverse effects associated with synthetic drugs. Plant extracts are considered an alternative due to their favorable safety profiles and potential for reducing side effects. Sweet basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L.) is a valuable plant resource and a potential candidate for the development of pharmaceutical medications. A single pure compound or a combination of compounds exhibits exceptional medicinal properties, including antiviral activity against both DNA and RNA viruses, antibacterial effects against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, antifungal properties, antioxidant activity, antidiabetic potential, neuroprotective qualities, and anticancer properties. The plant contains various phytochemical constituents, which mostly consist of linalool, eucalyptol, estragole, and eugenol. For centuries, community and traditional healers across the globe have employed <i>O. basilicum</i> L. to treat a wide range of ailments, including flu, fever, colds, as well as issues pertaining to digestion, reproduction, and respiration. In addition, the current research presented underscores the significant potential of <i>O. basilicum</i>-related nanotechnology applications in addressing diverse challenges and advancing numerous fields. This promising avenue of exploration holds great potential for future scientific and technological advancements, promising improved utilization of medicinal products derived from <i>O. basilicum</i> L. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T18:35:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ea28672d5ab34ec484ce98621eb62b53 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T18:35:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-ea28672d5ab34ec484ce98621eb62b532023-12-29T15:47:30ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-12-011224414810.3390/plants12244148Sweet Basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L.)―A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activities, and Biotechnological DevelopmentNabilah Sekar Azizah0Budi Irawan1Joko Kusmoro2Wahyu Safriansyah3Kindi Farabi4Dina Oktavia5Febri Doni6Mia Miranti7Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, IndonesiaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, IndonesiaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, IndonesiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, IndonesiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, IndonesiaDepartment of Transdisciplinary, Graduate School, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, IndonesiaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, IndonesiaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, IndonesiaAn urgent demand for natural compound alternatives to conventional medications has arisen due to global health challenges, such as drug resistance and the adverse effects associated with synthetic drugs. Plant extracts are considered an alternative due to their favorable safety profiles and potential for reducing side effects. Sweet basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L.) is a valuable plant resource and a potential candidate for the development of pharmaceutical medications. A single pure compound or a combination of compounds exhibits exceptional medicinal properties, including antiviral activity against both DNA and RNA viruses, antibacterial effects against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, antifungal properties, antioxidant activity, antidiabetic potential, neuroprotective qualities, and anticancer properties. The plant contains various phytochemical constituents, which mostly consist of linalool, eucalyptol, estragole, and eugenol. For centuries, community and traditional healers across the globe have employed <i>O. basilicum</i> L. to treat a wide range of ailments, including flu, fever, colds, as well as issues pertaining to digestion, reproduction, and respiration. In addition, the current research presented underscores the significant potential of <i>O. basilicum</i>-related nanotechnology applications in addressing diverse challenges and advancing numerous fields. This promising avenue of exploration holds great potential for future scientific and technological advancements, promising improved utilization of medicinal products derived from <i>O. basilicum</i> L.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/24/4148<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L.antiviralantifungalanticancernanotechnologybiotechnology |
| spellingShingle | Nabilah Sekar Azizah Budi Irawan Joko Kusmoro Wahyu Safriansyah Kindi Farabi Dina Oktavia Febri Doni Mia Miranti Sweet Basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L.)―A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activities, and Biotechnological Development Plants <i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L. antiviral antifungal anticancer nanotechnology biotechnology |
| title | Sweet Basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L.)―A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activities, and Biotechnological Development |
| title_full | Sweet Basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L.)―A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activities, and Biotechnological Development |
| title_fullStr | Sweet Basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L.)―A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activities, and Biotechnological Development |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sweet Basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L.)―A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activities, and Biotechnological Development |
| title_short | Sweet Basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L.)―A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activities, and Biotechnological Development |
| title_sort | sweet basil i ocimum basilicum i l a review of its botany phytochemistry pharmacological activities and biotechnological development |
| topic | <i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L. antiviral antifungal anticancer nanotechnology biotechnology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/24/4148 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nabilahsekarazizah sweetbasiliocimumbasilicumilareviewofitsbotanyphytochemistrypharmacologicalactivitiesandbiotechnologicaldevelopment AT budiirawan sweetbasiliocimumbasilicumilareviewofitsbotanyphytochemistrypharmacologicalactivitiesandbiotechnologicaldevelopment AT jokokusmoro sweetbasiliocimumbasilicumilareviewofitsbotanyphytochemistrypharmacologicalactivitiesandbiotechnologicaldevelopment AT wahyusafriansyah sweetbasiliocimumbasilicumilareviewofitsbotanyphytochemistrypharmacologicalactivitiesandbiotechnologicaldevelopment AT kindifarabi sweetbasiliocimumbasilicumilareviewofitsbotanyphytochemistrypharmacologicalactivitiesandbiotechnologicaldevelopment AT dinaoktavia sweetbasiliocimumbasilicumilareviewofitsbotanyphytochemistrypharmacologicalactivitiesandbiotechnologicaldevelopment AT febridoni sweetbasiliocimumbasilicumilareviewofitsbotanyphytochemistrypharmacologicalactivitiesandbiotechnologicaldevelopment AT miamiranti sweetbasiliocimumbasilicumilareviewofitsbotanyphytochemistrypharmacologicalactivitiesandbiotechnologicaldevelopment |