Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Ocular Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Ocular GVHD (oGVHD), manifested by severe injury of corneal epithelial cells, meibomian and lacrimal glands’ dysfunction, is a serious complication of systemic GVHD which develops as a consequence of donor T and natural killer cell-driven inflammation in the eyes of patients who received allogeneic...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-10-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/21/13254 |
| _version_ | 1797467954146705408 |
|---|---|
| author | Carl Randall Harrell Valentin Djonov Vladislav Volarevic |
| author_facet | Carl Randall Harrell Valentin Djonov Vladislav Volarevic |
| author_sort | Carl Randall Harrell |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ocular GVHD (oGVHD), manifested by severe injury of corneal epithelial cells, meibomian and lacrimal glands’ dysfunction, is a serious complication of systemic GVHD which develops as a consequence of donor T and natural killer cell-driven inflammation in the eyes of patients who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are, due to their enormous differentiation potential and immunosuppressive characteristics, considered as a potentially new remedy in ophthalmology. MSC differentiate in corneal epithelial cells, suppress eye inflammation, and restore meibomian and lacrimal glands’ function in oGVHD patients. MSC-sourced exosomes (MSC-Exos) are extracellular vesicles that contain MSC-derived growth factors and immunoregulatory proteins. Due to the lipid membrane and nano-sized dimension, MSC-Exos easily by-pass all biological barriers in the eyes and deliver their cargo directly in injured corneal epithelial cells and eye-infiltrated leukocytes, modulating their viability and function. As cell-free agents, MSC-Exos address all safety issues related to the transplantation of their parental cells, including the risk of unwanted differentiation and aggravation of intraocular inflammation. In this review article, we summarized current knowledge about molecular mechanisms which are responsible for beneficial effects of MSC and MSC-Exos in the therapy of inflammatory eye diseases, emphasizing their therapeutic potential in the treatment of oGVHD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:01:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ea3cdad93ff649c3b1848be2d05a3fdb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:01:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-ea3cdad93ff649c3b1848be2d05a3fdb2023-11-24T05:04:56ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-10-0123211325410.3390/ijms232113254Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Ocular Graft-Versus-Host DiseaseCarl Randall Harrell0Valentin Djonov1Vladislav Volarevic2Regenerative Processing Plant, LLC, 34176 US Highway 19 N, Palm Harbor, FL 34684, USAInstitute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, 3012 Bern, SwitzerlandDepartment of Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozar Markovic Street, 34000 Kragujevac, SerbiaOcular GVHD (oGVHD), manifested by severe injury of corneal epithelial cells, meibomian and lacrimal glands’ dysfunction, is a serious complication of systemic GVHD which develops as a consequence of donor T and natural killer cell-driven inflammation in the eyes of patients who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are, due to their enormous differentiation potential and immunosuppressive characteristics, considered as a potentially new remedy in ophthalmology. MSC differentiate in corneal epithelial cells, suppress eye inflammation, and restore meibomian and lacrimal glands’ function in oGVHD patients. MSC-sourced exosomes (MSC-Exos) are extracellular vesicles that contain MSC-derived growth factors and immunoregulatory proteins. Due to the lipid membrane and nano-sized dimension, MSC-Exos easily by-pass all biological barriers in the eyes and deliver their cargo directly in injured corneal epithelial cells and eye-infiltrated leukocytes, modulating their viability and function. As cell-free agents, MSC-Exos address all safety issues related to the transplantation of their parental cells, including the risk of unwanted differentiation and aggravation of intraocular inflammation. In this review article, we summarized current knowledge about molecular mechanisms which are responsible for beneficial effects of MSC and MSC-Exos in the therapy of inflammatory eye diseases, emphasizing their therapeutic potential in the treatment of oGVHD.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/21/13254mesenchymal stem cellsexosomestherapyimmunosuppressionocular graft-versus-host disease |
| spellingShingle | Carl Randall Harrell Valentin Djonov Vladislav Volarevic Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Ocular Graft-Versus-Host Disease International Journal of Molecular Sciences mesenchymal stem cells exosomes therapy immunosuppression ocular graft-versus-host disease |
| title | Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Ocular Graft-Versus-Host Disease |
| title_full | Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Ocular Graft-Versus-Host Disease |
| title_fullStr | Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Ocular Graft-Versus-Host Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Ocular Graft-Versus-Host Disease |
| title_short | Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Ocular Graft-Versus-Host Disease |
| title_sort | therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of ocular graft versus host disease |
| topic | mesenchymal stem cells exosomes therapy immunosuppression ocular graft-versus-host disease |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/21/13254 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT carlrandallharrell therapeuticpotentialofmesenchymalstemcellsinthetreatmentofoculargraftversushostdisease AT valentindjonov therapeuticpotentialofmesenchymalstemcellsinthetreatmentofoculargraftversushostdisease AT vladislavvolarevic therapeuticpotentialofmesenchymalstemcellsinthetreatmentofoculargraftversushostdisease |