Effects of Yogurt with Carao (<i>Cassia grandis</i>) on Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction, α-glycosidase Activity, Lipase Activity, Hypoglycemic Effect, and Antioxidant Activity
Cell inflammation disrupts intestinal barrier functions and may cause disorders related to a leaky gut, possibly leading to diabetes. The objective of this study was to determine if carao (<i>Cassia grandis</i>) incorporated into yogurt enhances in vitro intestinal barrier function. To a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Fermentation |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/9/6/566 |
| _version_ | 1797594898058182656 |
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| author | Ricardo S. Aleman Jhunior Marcia Ryan Page Shirin Kazemzadeh Pournaki Daniel Martín-Vertedor Víctor Manrique-Fernández Ismael Montero-Fernández Kayanush Aryana |
| author_facet | Ricardo S. Aleman Jhunior Marcia Ryan Page Shirin Kazemzadeh Pournaki Daniel Martín-Vertedor Víctor Manrique-Fernández Ismael Montero-Fernández Kayanush Aryana |
| author_sort | Ricardo S. Aleman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cell inflammation disrupts intestinal barrier functions and may cause disorders related to a leaky gut, possibly leading to diabetes. The objective of this study was to determine if carao (<i>Cassia grandis</i>) incorporated into yogurt enhances in vitro intestinal barrier function. To achieve this goal, Caco-2 cells were used as a model of intestinal barrier permeability. Caco-2 cells were treated with cytokines (interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)) and yogurt with carao yogurt (CY) at different doses (1.3 g/L, 2.65 g/L, and 5.3 g/L). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain and immunofluorescence microscopy were applied to evaluate the expression and localization of tight junction proteins. Functional effects of the formulation of yogurt supplemented with carao were also evaluated in terms of the antioxidant activity, the α-glycosidase activity, and lipase inhibitory properties. In addition, the hypoglycemic potential was validated in vivo in a rat model. Compared to the control yogurt, Caco-2 TEER (transepithelial electrical resistance evaluation) by yogurt with 5.3 g/L of carao was significantly lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) after 48 h. Yogurt with 5.3 g/L of carao had a considerably lower permeability (<i>p</i> < 0.05) than control yogurt in FD and LY flux. Yogurt with 5.3 g/L of carao enhanced the localization of ZO-1. Carao addition into yogurt increased the flavonoid content, apparent viscosity, lipase inhibition activity, and α-glycosidase activity. The rats fed with the yogurt with 5.3 g/L of carao demonstrated a higher blood glucose modulation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:30:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ea45ad6f9ca74b83b40989424a369eca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-5637 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:30:13Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fermentation |
| spelling | doaj.art-ea45ad6f9ca74b83b40989424a369eca2023-11-18T10:21:31ZengMDPI AGFermentation2311-56372023-06-019656610.3390/fermentation9060566Effects of Yogurt with Carao (<i>Cassia grandis</i>) on Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction, α-glycosidase Activity, Lipase Activity, Hypoglycemic Effect, and Antioxidant ActivityRicardo S. Aleman0Jhunior Marcia1Ryan Page2Shirin Kazemzadeh Pournaki3Daniel Martín-Vertedor4Víctor Manrique-Fernández5Ismael Montero-Fernández6Kayanush Aryana7School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70802, USAFaculty of Technological Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Agricultura Road to Dulce Nombre de Culmi, Km 215, Barrio El Espino, Catacamas 16201, HondurasSchool of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70802, USADepartment of Dairy and Food Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USATechnological Institute of Food and Agriculture CICYTEX-INTAEX, Junta of Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, SpainÁrea de Nutrición y Bromatología, Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, SpainÁrea de Nutrición y Bromatología, Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, SpainSchool of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70802, USACell inflammation disrupts intestinal barrier functions and may cause disorders related to a leaky gut, possibly leading to diabetes. The objective of this study was to determine if carao (<i>Cassia grandis</i>) incorporated into yogurt enhances in vitro intestinal barrier function. To achieve this goal, Caco-2 cells were used as a model of intestinal barrier permeability. Caco-2 cells were treated with cytokines (interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)) and yogurt with carao yogurt (CY) at different doses (1.3 g/L, 2.65 g/L, and 5.3 g/L). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain and immunofluorescence microscopy were applied to evaluate the expression and localization of tight junction proteins. Functional effects of the formulation of yogurt supplemented with carao were also evaluated in terms of the antioxidant activity, the α-glycosidase activity, and lipase inhibitory properties. In addition, the hypoglycemic potential was validated in vivo in a rat model. Compared to the control yogurt, Caco-2 TEER (transepithelial electrical resistance evaluation) by yogurt with 5.3 g/L of carao was significantly lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) after 48 h. Yogurt with 5.3 g/L of carao had a considerably lower permeability (<i>p</i> < 0.05) than control yogurt in FD and LY flux. Yogurt with 5.3 g/L of carao enhanced the localization of ZO-1. Carao addition into yogurt increased the flavonoid content, apparent viscosity, lipase inhibition activity, and α-glycosidase activity. The rats fed with the yogurt with 5.3 g/L of carao demonstrated a higher blood glucose modulation.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/9/6/566yogurtcaraoinflammatory propertiesantioxidant α-glycosidasediabetes |
| spellingShingle | Ricardo S. Aleman Jhunior Marcia Ryan Page Shirin Kazemzadeh Pournaki Daniel Martín-Vertedor Víctor Manrique-Fernández Ismael Montero-Fernández Kayanush Aryana Effects of Yogurt with Carao (<i>Cassia grandis</i>) on Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction, α-glycosidase Activity, Lipase Activity, Hypoglycemic Effect, and Antioxidant Activity Fermentation yogurt carao inflammatory properties antioxidant α-glycosidase diabetes |
| title | Effects of Yogurt with Carao (<i>Cassia grandis</i>) on Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction, α-glycosidase Activity, Lipase Activity, Hypoglycemic Effect, and Antioxidant Activity |
| title_full | Effects of Yogurt with Carao (<i>Cassia grandis</i>) on Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction, α-glycosidase Activity, Lipase Activity, Hypoglycemic Effect, and Antioxidant Activity |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Yogurt with Carao (<i>Cassia grandis</i>) on Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction, α-glycosidase Activity, Lipase Activity, Hypoglycemic Effect, and Antioxidant Activity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Yogurt with Carao (<i>Cassia grandis</i>) on Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction, α-glycosidase Activity, Lipase Activity, Hypoglycemic Effect, and Antioxidant Activity |
| title_short | Effects of Yogurt with Carao (<i>Cassia grandis</i>) on Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction, α-glycosidase Activity, Lipase Activity, Hypoglycemic Effect, and Antioxidant Activity |
| title_sort | effects of yogurt with carao i cassia grandis i on intestinal barrier dysfunction α glycosidase activity lipase activity hypoglycemic effect and antioxidant activity |
| topic | yogurt carao inflammatory properties antioxidant α-glycosidase diabetes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/9/6/566 |
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