Viral hepatitis associated hepatocellular carcinoma on the African continent, the past, present, and future: a systematic review
Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in Africa. In Africa, the major causes of HCC include chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV). Knowledge of the changes in the incidence of viral hepatitis-a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Cancer |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-021-08426-y |
| _version_ | 1818645034834067456 |
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| author | Ottovon Bismark Dakurah Cynthia Raissa Tchuem Tamandjou Moleen Zunza Wolfgang Preiser Tongai Gibson Maponga |
| author_facet | Ottovon Bismark Dakurah Cynthia Raissa Tchuem Tamandjou Moleen Zunza Wolfgang Preiser Tongai Gibson Maponga |
| author_sort | Ottovon Bismark Dakurah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in Africa. In Africa, the major causes of HCC include chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV). Knowledge of the changes in the incidence of viral hepatitis-associated HCC over time and the factors responsible for such changes is key in informing policies for the prevention of viral hepatitis-associated HCC in Africa. Aim The study aimed to systematically summarize the changes in the prevalence of viral hepatitis among HCC patients and the overall effect of the prevalence of viral hepatitis on the incidence of HCC over the past four decades in Africa (1980–2019). Methods A literature search was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and African wide web for articles published on viral hepatitis-associated HCC in Africa from 1980 to 2019. The abstracts of the articles were screened for eligibility and those meeting the inclusion criteria were retrieved and reviewed. Results A total of 272 studies were included in the analysis. Viral hepatitis-related HCC incidence changed by 1.17% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63–1.71, p < 0.001), 0.82% (95% CI: 0.45–1.18, p < 0.001), and 3.34% (95% CI: 2.44–4.25, p < 0.001) for every 1% change in the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and hepatitis D virus (HDV) respectively, per decade. The incidence of HBV-related HCC decreased by − 0.50% (95% CI: − 0.74 – − 0.25, p < 0.001) over the last 40 years, while HCV-related HCC increased. Conclusion Overall, the incidence of viral hepatitis-associated HCC has not declined, mainly due to no decline in the prevalence of HCV, HDV, and the high number of chronic hepatitis B carriers on the African continent. There is an urgent need for the allocation of resources for the implementation of treatment and preventive programs for HBV, HCV, HDV, and HCC in Africa. This systematic review is registered with PROSPERO®, number CRD42020169723. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T00:24:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ea47b08efb1449ca8a146648c98d73a5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2407 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T00:24:20Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Cancer |
| spelling | doaj.art-ea47b08efb1449ca8a146648c98d73a52022-12-21T22:10:30ZengBMCBMC Cancer1471-24072021-06-0121111310.1186/s12885-021-08426-yViral hepatitis associated hepatocellular carcinoma on the African continent, the past, present, and future: a systematic reviewOttovon Bismark Dakurah0Cynthia Raissa Tchuem Tamandjou1Moleen Zunza2Wolfgang Preiser3Tongai Gibson Maponga4African Cancer Institute, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch UniversityDivision of Health Economics, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape TownDivision of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch UniversityDivision of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch UniversityDivision of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch UniversityAbstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in Africa. In Africa, the major causes of HCC include chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV). Knowledge of the changes in the incidence of viral hepatitis-associated HCC over time and the factors responsible for such changes is key in informing policies for the prevention of viral hepatitis-associated HCC in Africa. Aim The study aimed to systematically summarize the changes in the prevalence of viral hepatitis among HCC patients and the overall effect of the prevalence of viral hepatitis on the incidence of HCC over the past four decades in Africa (1980–2019). Methods A literature search was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and African wide web for articles published on viral hepatitis-associated HCC in Africa from 1980 to 2019. The abstracts of the articles were screened for eligibility and those meeting the inclusion criteria were retrieved and reviewed. Results A total of 272 studies were included in the analysis. Viral hepatitis-related HCC incidence changed by 1.17% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63–1.71, p < 0.001), 0.82% (95% CI: 0.45–1.18, p < 0.001), and 3.34% (95% CI: 2.44–4.25, p < 0.001) for every 1% change in the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and hepatitis D virus (HDV) respectively, per decade. The incidence of HBV-related HCC decreased by − 0.50% (95% CI: − 0.74 – − 0.25, p < 0.001) over the last 40 years, while HCV-related HCC increased. Conclusion Overall, the incidence of viral hepatitis-associated HCC has not declined, mainly due to no decline in the prevalence of HCV, HDV, and the high number of chronic hepatitis B carriers on the African continent. There is an urgent need for the allocation of resources for the implementation of treatment and preventive programs for HBV, HCV, HDV, and HCC in Africa. This systematic review is registered with PROSPERO®, number CRD42020169723.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-021-08426-yHepatocellular carcinomaHepatitis B virusHepatitis C virusHepatitis D virusAfricaSub-Saharan Africa |
| spellingShingle | Ottovon Bismark Dakurah Cynthia Raissa Tchuem Tamandjou Moleen Zunza Wolfgang Preiser Tongai Gibson Maponga Viral hepatitis associated hepatocellular carcinoma on the African continent, the past, present, and future: a systematic review BMC Cancer Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis D virus Africa Sub-Saharan Africa |
| title | Viral hepatitis associated hepatocellular carcinoma on the African continent, the past, present, and future: a systematic review |
| title_full | Viral hepatitis associated hepatocellular carcinoma on the African continent, the past, present, and future: a systematic review |
| title_fullStr | Viral hepatitis associated hepatocellular carcinoma on the African continent, the past, present, and future: a systematic review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Viral hepatitis associated hepatocellular carcinoma on the African continent, the past, present, and future: a systematic review |
| title_short | Viral hepatitis associated hepatocellular carcinoma on the African continent, the past, present, and future: a systematic review |
| title_sort | viral hepatitis associated hepatocellular carcinoma on the african continent the past present and future a systematic review |
| topic | Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis D virus Africa Sub-Saharan Africa |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-021-08426-y |
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