Prior to versus after Metformin Treatment—Effects on Steroid Enzymatic Activities
<b>Background</b>: We recently reported that metformin administration has substantial effects on steroid hormone concentrations. In this study, we specifically explored which enzymatic activities were affected before a first treatment versus after a time of metformin treatment. <b>...
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/5/1094 |
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| author | Benedikt Gasser Genevieve Escher Anca-Elena Calin Michael Deppeler Miriam Marchon Hiten D. Mistry Johann Kurz Markus G. Mohaupt |
| author_facet | Benedikt Gasser Genevieve Escher Anca-Elena Calin Michael Deppeler Miriam Marchon Hiten D. Mistry Johann Kurz Markus G. Mohaupt |
| author_sort | Benedikt Gasser |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background</b>: We recently reported that metformin administration has substantial effects on steroid hormone concentrations. In this study, we specifically explored which enzymatic activities were affected before a first treatment versus after a time of metformin treatment. <b>Material and Methods:</b> Twelve male subjects (54.2 ± 9.1 years, 177.3 ± 4.1 cm, 80 ± 10.4 kg) and seven female subjects (57.2 ± 18.9 years, 162.7 ± 4.1 cm, 76.1 ± 10.4 kg) were recruited based on an indication of metformin. Prior to the first intake of metformin and after 24 h, urine collections were performed. Urine steroid analysis was completed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. <b>Results:</b> The average reduction in steroid hormone concentrations after the metformin treatment was substantial and relatively equally distributed in all metabolites and the sum of all metabolites with 35.4%. An exception was dehydroepiandrosterone, with a decrease of almost three hundred percent of average concentration. In addition, the sum of all cortisol metabolites and 18-OH cortisol (indicative of oxidative stress) were lower after the metformin treatment. Furthermore, significant inhibition of 3ß-HSD activity was detectable. <b>Discussion:</b> Effects prior to and after the metformin treatment on inhibiting 3ß-HSD activity were detected in line with findings from others. Furthermore, the pattern of a reduction, for example, in the sum of all glucocorticoids following the metformin treatment supported an effect on oxidative stress, which was further supported by the reduction in 18-OH cortisol. Nevertheless, we do not understand all steps in the complex pattern of the enzymes that affect steroid hormone metabolism and, consequently, further studies are necessary to improve our understanding. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:34:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj.art-ea6fc1b42df846899d05c80da21375f62023-11-18T02:08:35ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292023-04-01135109410.3390/life13051094Prior to versus after Metformin Treatment—Effects on Steroid Enzymatic ActivitiesBenedikt Gasser0Genevieve Escher1Anca-Elena Calin2Michael Deppeler3Miriam Marchon4Hiten D. Mistry5Johann Kurz6Markus G. Mohaupt7Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division Sport and Exercise Medicine, University of Basel, Grosse Allee 6, 4052 Basel, SwitzerlandDepartment of Biomedical Research, University Bern, 3006 Bern, SwitzerlandLindenhofgruppe, Teaching Hospital of Internal Medicine, 3006 Berne, SwitzerlandLindenhofgruppe, Teaching Hospital of Internal Medicine, 3006 Berne, SwitzerlandLindenhofgruppe, Teaching Hospital of Internal Medicine, 3006 Berne, SwitzerlandDepartment of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course and Population Science, Kings College, London SE1 1UL, UKLindenhofgruppe, Teaching Hospital of Internal Medicine, 3006 Berne, SwitzerlandDepartment of Biomedical Research, University Bern, 3006 Bern, Switzerland<b>Background</b>: We recently reported that metformin administration has substantial effects on steroid hormone concentrations. In this study, we specifically explored which enzymatic activities were affected before a first treatment versus after a time of metformin treatment. <b>Material and Methods:</b> Twelve male subjects (54.2 ± 9.1 years, 177.3 ± 4.1 cm, 80 ± 10.4 kg) and seven female subjects (57.2 ± 18.9 years, 162.7 ± 4.1 cm, 76.1 ± 10.4 kg) were recruited based on an indication of metformin. Prior to the first intake of metformin and after 24 h, urine collections were performed. Urine steroid analysis was completed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. <b>Results:</b> The average reduction in steroid hormone concentrations after the metformin treatment was substantial and relatively equally distributed in all metabolites and the sum of all metabolites with 35.4%. An exception was dehydroepiandrosterone, with a decrease of almost three hundred percent of average concentration. In addition, the sum of all cortisol metabolites and 18-OH cortisol (indicative of oxidative stress) were lower after the metformin treatment. Furthermore, significant inhibition of 3ß-HSD activity was detectable. <b>Discussion:</b> Effects prior to and after the metformin treatment on inhibiting 3ß-HSD activity were detected in line with findings from others. Furthermore, the pattern of a reduction, for example, in the sum of all glucocorticoids following the metformin treatment supported an effect on oxidative stress, which was further supported by the reduction in 18-OH cortisol. Nevertheless, we do not understand all steps in the complex pattern of the enzymes that affect steroid hormone metabolism and, consequently, further studies are necessary to improve our understanding.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/5/1094GC-MSurine analysis11b-HSD deficiency21-hydroxylase17-hydroxylase11-hydroxylase |
| spellingShingle | Benedikt Gasser Genevieve Escher Anca-Elena Calin Michael Deppeler Miriam Marchon Hiten D. Mistry Johann Kurz Markus G. Mohaupt Prior to versus after Metformin Treatment—Effects on Steroid Enzymatic Activities Life GC-MS urine analysis 11b-HSD deficiency 21-hydroxylase 17-hydroxylase 11-hydroxylase |
| title | Prior to versus after Metformin Treatment—Effects on Steroid Enzymatic Activities |
| title_full | Prior to versus after Metformin Treatment—Effects on Steroid Enzymatic Activities |
| title_fullStr | Prior to versus after Metformin Treatment—Effects on Steroid Enzymatic Activities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prior to versus after Metformin Treatment—Effects on Steroid Enzymatic Activities |
| title_short | Prior to versus after Metformin Treatment—Effects on Steroid Enzymatic Activities |
| title_sort | prior to versus after metformin treatment effects on steroid enzymatic activities |
| topic | GC-MS urine analysis 11b-HSD deficiency 21-hydroxylase 17-hydroxylase 11-hydroxylase |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/5/1094 |
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