Electrically Conductive MXene-Coated Glass Fibers for Damage Monitoring in Fiber-Reinforced Composites
Multifunctional fiber-reinforced composites play a significant role in advanced aerospace and military applications due to their high strength and toughness resulting in superior damage tolerance. However, early detection of structural changes prior to visible damage is critical for extending the li...
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | C |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5629/6/4/64 |
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| author | Christine B. Hatter Asia Sarycheva Ariana Levitt Babak Anasori Latha Nataraj Yury Gogotsi |
| author_facet | Christine B. Hatter Asia Sarycheva Ariana Levitt Babak Anasori Latha Nataraj Yury Gogotsi |
| author_sort | Christine B. Hatter |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Multifunctional fiber-reinforced composites play a significant role in advanced aerospace and military applications due to their high strength and toughness resulting in superior damage tolerance. However, early detection of structural changes prior to visible damage is critical for extending the lifetime of the part. MXenes, an emerging class of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, possess hydrophilic surfaces, high electrical conductivity and mechanical properties that can potentially be used to identify damage within fiber-reinforced composites. In this work, conductive Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<i><sub>x</sub></i> MXene flakes were successfully transferred onto insulating glass fibers via oxygen plasma treatment improving adhesion. Increasing plasma treatment power, time and coating layers lead to a decrease in electrical resistance of MXene-coated fibers. Optimized uniformity was achieved using an alternating coating approach with smaller flakes helping initiate and facilitate adhesion of larger flakes. Tensile testing with in-situ electrical resistance tracking showed resistances as low as 1.8 kΩ for small-large flake-coated fiber bundles before the break. Increased resistance was observed during testing, but due to good adhesion between the fiber and MXene, most connective pathways within fiber bundles remained intact until fiber bundles were completely separated. These results demonstrate a potential use of MXene-coated glass fibers in damage-sensing polymer-matrix composites. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:34:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ea7456e22aa94318baac650cf6444cf5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-5629 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:34:03Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | C |
| spelling | doaj.art-ea7456e22aa94318baac650cf6444cf52023-11-20T17:24:09ZengMDPI AGC2311-56292020-10-01646410.3390/c6040064Electrically Conductive MXene-Coated Glass Fibers for Damage Monitoring in Fiber-Reinforced CompositesChristine B. Hatter0Asia Sarycheva1Ariana Levitt2Babak Anasori3Latha Nataraj4Yury Gogotsi5A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAA.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAA.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAIntegrated Nanosystems Development Institute and Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 723 W. Michigan St, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USAU.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005-5069, USAA.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAMultifunctional fiber-reinforced composites play a significant role in advanced aerospace and military applications due to their high strength and toughness resulting in superior damage tolerance. However, early detection of structural changes prior to visible damage is critical for extending the lifetime of the part. MXenes, an emerging class of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, possess hydrophilic surfaces, high electrical conductivity and mechanical properties that can potentially be used to identify damage within fiber-reinforced composites. In this work, conductive Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<i><sub>x</sub></i> MXene flakes were successfully transferred onto insulating glass fibers via oxygen plasma treatment improving adhesion. Increasing plasma treatment power, time and coating layers lead to a decrease in electrical resistance of MXene-coated fibers. Optimized uniformity was achieved using an alternating coating approach with smaller flakes helping initiate and facilitate adhesion of larger flakes. Tensile testing with in-situ electrical resistance tracking showed resistances as low as 1.8 kΩ for small-large flake-coated fiber bundles before the break. Increased resistance was observed during testing, but due to good adhesion between the fiber and MXene, most connective pathways within fiber bundles remained intact until fiber bundles were completely separated. These results demonstrate a potential use of MXene-coated glass fibers in damage-sensing polymer-matrix composites.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5629/6/4/64MXenesdamage-sensing compositesmultifunctional polymer compositesglass fiber coatingsfiber reinforced composites |
| spellingShingle | Christine B. Hatter Asia Sarycheva Ariana Levitt Babak Anasori Latha Nataraj Yury Gogotsi Electrically Conductive MXene-Coated Glass Fibers for Damage Monitoring in Fiber-Reinforced Composites C MXenes damage-sensing composites multifunctional polymer composites glass fiber coatings fiber reinforced composites |
| title | Electrically Conductive MXene-Coated Glass Fibers for Damage Monitoring in Fiber-Reinforced Composites |
| title_full | Electrically Conductive MXene-Coated Glass Fibers for Damage Monitoring in Fiber-Reinforced Composites |
| title_fullStr | Electrically Conductive MXene-Coated Glass Fibers for Damage Monitoring in Fiber-Reinforced Composites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electrically Conductive MXene-Coated Glass Fibers for Damage Monitoring in Fiber-Reinforced Composites |
| title_short | Electrically Conductive MXene-Coated Glass Fibers for Damage Monitoring in Fiber-Reinforced Composites |
| title_sort | electrically conductive mxene coated glass fibers for damage monitoring in fiber reinforced composites |
| topic | MXenes damage-sensing composites multifunctional polymer composites glass fiber coatings fiber reinforced composites |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5629/6/4/64 |
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