Maternally Derived Antibodies to Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Modulate the Antigenic Specificity of Humoral Responses in Vaccinated Cattle
Vaccination is widely used to control foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), but maternal antibodies may interfere with the response to vaccination in calves. This study, conducted on a regularly vaccinated Malaysian dairy farm, aimed to optimise the vaccination regime by measuring the in vitro neutralising...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/12/1844 |
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| author | Jamaliah Senawi Ginette Wilsden Clare F. J. Browning Anna B. Ludi Mazatonazuar Meor Ismail Halimah Senin Simon Gubbins Donald P. King David J. Paton |
| author_facet | Jamaliah Senawi Ginette Wilsden Clare F. J. Browning Anna B. Ludi Mazatonazuar Meor Ismail Halimah Senin Simon Gubbins Donald P. King David J. Paton |
| author_sort | Jamaliah Senawi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vaccination is widely used to control foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), but maternal antibodies may interfere with the response to vaccination in calves. This study, conducted on a regularly vaccinated Malaysian dairy farm, aimed to optimise the vaccination regime by measuring the in vitro neutralising virus antibody responses of 51 calves before and after vaccination with a one or two dose vaccination regime starting at 2–7 months old. The presence of maternal antibodies was associated with poor post-vaccination antibody responses after a single dose of vaccine in calves less than 6 months old. However, a second dose of vaccine given three weeks later, improved the antibody responses in all ages of calves. This confirms the view that in regularly vaccinated farms, some combination of delay and revaccination is needed to achieve effective immunization of calves. Sera from cows and pre-vaccinated calves neutralised homologous serotype A vaccine virus more strongly than a heterologous serotype A field virus, but this pattern was reversed in some calves after vaccination. The strength of heterologous responses in calves 49 days after first vaccination correlated to the amount of transferred maternal antibody, suggesting that pre-existing antibodies could have modulated the specificity of these active antibody responses. If confirmed, such an effect by pre-existing antibodies could have wider implications for broadening the coverage of FMD vaccine responses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:18:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ea7678a9577941dea4ed923721c6a902 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:18:37Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-ea7678a9577941dea4ed923721c6a9022023-12-22T14:47:30ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2023-12-011112184410.3390/vaccines11121844Maternally Derived Antibodies to Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Modulate the Antigenic Specificity of Humoral Responses in Vaccinated CattleJamaliah Senawi0Ginette Wilsden1Clare F. J. Browning2Anna B. Ludi3Mazatonazuar Meor Ismail4Halimah Senin5Simon Gubbins6Donald P. King7David J. Paton8Department of Veterinary Services, Putrajaya 62630, MalaysiaThe Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright GU24 0NF, UKThe Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright GU24 0NF, UKThe Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright GU24 0NF, UKDepartment of Veterinary Services, Putrajaya 62630, MalaysiaDepartment of Veterinary Services, Putrajaya 62630, MalaysiaThe Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright GU24 0NF, UKThe Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright GU24 0NF, UKThe Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright GU24 0NF, UKVaccination is widely used to control foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), but maternal antibodies may interfere with the response to vaccination in calves. This study, conducted on a regularly vaccinated Malaysian dairy farm, aimed to optimise the vaccination regime by measuring the in vitro neutralising virus antibody responses of 51 calves before and after vaccination with a one or two dose vaccination regime starting at 2–7 months old. The presence of maternal antibodies was associated with poor post-vaccination antibody responses after a single dose of vaccine in calves less than 6 months old. However, a second dose of vaccine given three weeks later, improved the antibody responses in all ages of calves. This confirms the view that in regularly vaccinated farms, some combination of delay and revaccination is needed to achieve effective immunization of calves. Sera from cows and pre-vaccinated calves neutralised homologous serotype A vaccine virus more strongly than a heterologous serotype A field virus, but this pattern was reversed in some calves after vaccination. The strength of heterologous responses in calves 49 days after first vaccination correlated to the amount of transferred maternal antibody, suggesting that pre-existing antibodies could have modulated the specificity of these active antibody responses. If confirmed, such an effect by pre-existing antibodies could have wider implications for broadening the coverage of FMD vaccine responses.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/12/1844FMD vaccinationmaternal antibodyantigen specificityepitope masking |
| spellingShingle | Jamaliah Senawi Ginette Wilsden Clare F. J. Browning Anna B. Ludi Mazatonazuar Meor Ismail Halimah Senin Simon Gubbins Donald P. King David J. Paton Maternally Derived Antibodies to Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Modulate the Antigenic Specificity of Humoral Responses in Vaccinated Cattle Vaccines FMD vaccination maternal antibody antigen specificity epitope masking |
| title | Maternally Derived Antibodies to Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Modulate the Antigenic Specificity of Humoral Responses in Vaccinated Cattle |
| title_full | Maternally Derived Antibodies to Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Modulate the Antigenic Specificity of Humoral Responses in Vaccinated Cattle |
| title_fullStr | Maternally Derived Antibodies to Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Modulate the Antigenic Specificity of Humoral Responses in Vaccinated Cattle |
| title_full_unstemmed | Maternally Derived Antibodies to Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Modulate the Antigenic Specificity of Humoral Responses in Vaccinated Cattle |
| title_short | Maternally Derived Antibodies to Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Modulate the Antigenic Specificity of Humoral Responses in Vaccinated Cattle |
| title_sort | maternally derived antibodies to foot and mouth disease virus modulate the antigenic specificity of humoral responses in vaccinated cattle |
| topic | FMD vaccination maternal antibody antigen specificity epitope masking |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/12/1844 |
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