Early Infant Feeding Practices and Associations with Growth in Childhood
Early infant growth trajectories have been linked to obesity risk. The aim of this study was to examine early infant feeding practices in association with anthropometric measures and risk of overweight/obesity in childhood. A total of 2492 children from Upstate KIDS, a population-based longitudinal...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/5/714 |
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| author | Priscilla K. Clayton Diane L. Putnick Ian R. Trees Akhgar Ghassabian Jordan N. Tyris Tzu-Chun Lin Edwina H. Yeung |
| author_facet | Priscilla K. Clayton Diane L. Putnick Ian R. Trees Akhgar Ghassabian Jordan N. Tyris Tzu-Chun Lin Edwina H. Yeung |
| author_sort | Priscilla K. Clayton |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Early infant growth trajectories have been linked to obesity risk. The aim of this study was to examine early infant feeding practices in association with anthropometric measures and risk of overweight/obesity in childhood. A total of 2492 children from Upstate KIDS, a population-based longitudinal cohort, were included for the analysis. Parents reported breastfeeding and complementary food introduction from 4 to 12 months on questionnaires. Weight and height were reported at 2–3 years of age and during later follow-up at 7–9 years of age. Age and sex z-scores were calculated. Linear mixed models were conducted, adjusting for maternal and child sociodemographic factors. Approximately 54% of infants were formula-fed at <5 months of age. Compared to those formula-fed, BMI- (adjusted B, −0.23; 95% CI: −0.42, −0.05) and weight-for-age z-scores (adjusted B, −0.16; −0.28, −0.03) were lower for those exclusively breastfed. Infants breastfed for ≥12 months had a lower risk of being overweight (aRR, 0.33; 0.18, 0.59) at 2–3 years, relative to formula-fed infants. Compared to introduction at <5 months, the introduction of fruits and vegetables between 5 and 8 months was associated with lower risk of obesity at 7–9 years (aRR, 0.45; 0.22, 0.93). The type and duration of breastfeeding and delayed introduction of certain complementary foods was associated with lower childhood BMI. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:22:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ea7e6de048fa466784ed86dc17efaf7b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:22:49Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-ea7e6de048fa466784ed86dc17efaf7b2024-03-12T16:52:19ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432024-02-0116571410.3390/nu16050714Early Infant Feeding Practices and Associations with Growth in ChildhoodPriscilla K. Clayton0Diane L. Putnick1Ian R. Trees2Akhgar Ghassabian3Jordan N. Tyris4Tzu-Chun Lin5Edwina H. Yeung6Epidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, <i>Eunice Kennedy Shriver</i> National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6710B Rockledge Dr, Bethesda, MD 20817, USAEpidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, <i>Eunice Kennedy Shriver</i> National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6710B Rockledge Dr, Bethesda, MD 20817, USAEpidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, <i>Eunice Kennedy Shriver</i> National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6710B Rockledge Dr, Bethesda, MD 20817, USADepartment of Pediatrics and Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USADivision of Hospital Medicine, Children’s National Hospital, 111 Michigan Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20010, USAGlotech Inc., 1801 Research Blvd Ste 605, Rockville, MD 20850, USAEpidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, <i>Eunice Kennedy Shriver</i> National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6710B Rockledge Dr, Bethesda, MD 20817, USAEarly infant growth trajectories have been linked to obesity risk. The aim of this study was to examine early infant feeding practices in association with anthropometric measures and risk of overweight/obesity in childhood. A total of 2492 children from Upstate KIDS, a population-based longitudinal cohort, were included for the analysis. Parents reported breastfeeding and complementary food introduction from 4 to 12 months on questionnaires. Weight and height were reported at 2–3 years of age and during later follow-up at 7–9 years of age. Age and sex z-scores were calculated. Linear mixed models were conducted, adjusting for maternal and child sociodemographic factors. Approximately 54% of infants were formula-fed at <5 months of age. Compared to those formula-fed, BMI- (adjusted B, −0.23; 95% CI: −0.42, −0.05) and weight-for-age z-scores (adjusted B, −0.16; −0.28, −0.03) were lower for those exclusively breastfed. Infants breastfed for ≥12 months had a lower risk of being overweight (aRR, 0.33; 0.18, 0.59) at 2–3 years, relative to formula-fed infants. Compared to introduction at <5 months, the introduction of fruits and vegetables between 5 and 8 months was associated with lower risk of obesity at 7–9 years (aRR, 0.45; 0.22, 0.93). The type and duration of breastfeeding and delayed introduction of certain complementary foods was associated with lower childhood BMI.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/5/714breastfeedingnutritionearly infant feeding practicesoverweightchildhood obesitycomplementary feeding |
| spellingShingle | Priscilla K. Clayton Diane L. Putnick Ian R. Trees Akhgar Ghassabian Jordan N. Tyris Tzu-Chun Lin Edwina H. Yeung Early Infant Feeding Practices and Associations with Growth in Childhood Nutrients breastfeeding nutrition early infant feeding practices overweight childhood obesity complementary feeding |
| title | Early Infant Feeding Practices and Associations with Growth in Childhood |
| title_full | Early Infant Feeding Practices and Associations with Growth in Childhood |
| title_fullStr | Early Infant Feeding Practices and Associations with Growth in Childhood |
| title_full_unstemmed | Early Infant Feeding Practices and Associations with Growth in Childhood |
| title_short | Early Infant Feeding Practices and Associations with Growth in Childhood |
| title_sort | early infant feeding practices and associations with growth in childhood |
| topic | breastfeeding nutrition early infant feeding practices overweight childhood obesity complementary feeding |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/5/714 |
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