<i>GPX3</i> Variant Genotype Affects the Risk of Developing Severe Forms of COVID-19
In SARS-CoV-2 infection, excessive activation of the immune system intensively increases reactive oxygen species levels, causing harmful hyperinflammatory and oxidative state cumulative effects which may contribute to COVID-19 severity. Therefore, we assumed that antioxidant genetic profile, indepen...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/22/16151 |
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| author | Marko Markovic Jovan Ranin Zoran Bukumiric Djurdja Jerotic Ana Savic-Radojevic Marija Pljesa-Ercegovac Tatjana Djukic Marko Ercegovac Milika Asanin Ivana Milosevic Goran Stevanovic Tatjana Simic Vesna Coric Marija Matic |
| author_facet | Marko Markovic Jovan Ranin Zoran Bukumiric Djurdja Jerotic Ana Savic-Radojevic Marija Pljesa-Ercegovac Tatjana Djukic Marko Ercegovac Milika Asanin Ivana Milosevic Goran Stevanovic Tatjana Simic Vesna Coric Marija Matic |
| author_sort | Marko Markovic |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In SARS-CoV-2 infection, excessive activation of the immune system intensively increases reactive oxygen species levels, causing harmful hyperinflammatory and oxidative state cumulative effects which may contribute to COVID-19 severity. Therefore, we assumed that antioxidant genetic profile, independently and complemented with laboratory markers, modulates COVID-19 severity. The study included 265 COVID-19 patients. Polymorphism of G<i>STM1</i>, <i>GSTT1</i>, <i>Nrf2 rs6721961</i>, <i>GSTM3 rs1332018</i>, <i>GPX3 rs8177412, GSTP1 rs1695</i>, <i>GSTO1 rs4925</i>, <i>GSTO2 rs156697</i>, <i>SOD2 rs4880</i> and <i>GPX1 rs1050450</i> genes was determined with appropriate PCR-based methods. Inflammation (interleukin-6, CRP, fibrinogen, ferritin) and organ damage (urea, creatinine, transaminases and LDH) markers, complete blood count and coagulation status (d-dimer, fibrinogen) were measured. We found significant association for COVID-19 progression for patients with lymphocytes below 1.0 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L (OR = 2.97, <i>p</i> = 0.002). Increased IL-6 and CRP were also associated with disease progression (OR = 8.52, <i>p</i> = 0.001, and OR = 10.97, <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively), as well as elevated plasma AST and LDH (OR = 2.25, <i>p</i> = 0.021, and OR = 4.76, <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). Of all the examined polymorphisms, we found significant association with the risk of developing severe forms of COVID-19 for <i>GPX3 rs8177412</i> variant genotype (OR = 2.42, <i>p</i> = 0.032). This finding could be of particular importance in the future, complementing other diagnostic tools for prediction of COVID-19 disease course. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:46:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ea86bcace08b4d0dbc81d4ad5a15ac9a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:46:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-ea86bcace08b4d0dbc81d4ad5a15ac9a2023-11-24T14:46:12ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-11-0124221615110.3390/ijms242216151<i>GPX3</i> Variant Genotype Affects the Risk of Developing Severe Forms of COVID-19Marko Markovic0Jovan Ranin1Zoran Bukumiric2Djurdja Jerotic3Ana Savic-Radojevic4Marija Pljesa-Ercegovac5Tatjana Djukic6Marko Ercegovac7Milika Asanin8Ivana Milosevic9Goran Stevanovic10Tatjana Simic11Vesna Coric12Marija Matic13Clinic of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaClinic of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaClinic of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaClinic of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaFaculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, SerbiaIn SARS-CoV-2 infection, excessive activation of the immune system intensively increases reactive oxygen species levels, causing harmful hyperinflammatory and oxidative state cumulative effects which may contribute to COVID-19 severity. Therefore, we assumed that antioxidant genetic profile, independently and complemented with laboratory markers, modulates COVID-19 severity. The study included 265 COVID-19 patients. Polymorphism of G<i>STM1</i>, <i>GSTT1</i>, <i>Nrf2 rs6721961</i>, <i>GSTM3 rs1332018</i>, <i>GPX3 rs8177412, GSTP1 rs1695</i>, <i>GSTO1 rs4925</i>, <i>GSTO2 rs156697</i>, <i>SOD2 rs4880</i> and <i>GPX1 rs1050450</i> genes was determined with appropriate PCR-based methods. Inflammation (interleukin-6, CRP, fibrinogen, ferritin) and organ damage (urea, creatinine, transaminases and LDH) markers, complete blood count and coagulation status (d-dimer, fibrinogen) were measured. We found significant association for COVID-19 progression for patients with lymphocytes below 1.0 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L (OR = 2.97, <i>p</i> = 0.002). Increased IL-6 and CRP were also associated with disease progression (OR = 8.52, <i>p</i> = 0.001, and OR = 10.97, <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively), as well as elevated plasma AST and LDH (OR = 2.25, <i>p</i> = 0.021, and OR = 4.76, <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). Of all the examined polymorphisms, we found significant association with the risk of developing severe forms of COVID-19 for <i>GPX3 rs8177412</i> variant genotype (OR = 2.42, <i>p</i> = 0.032). This finding could be of particular importance in the future, complementing other diagnostic tools for prediction of COVID-19 disease course.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/22/16151oxidative stressCOVID-19disease progressionantioxidant genetic profileGPX3inflammatory markers |
| spellingShingle | Marko Markovic Jovan Ranin Zoran Bukumiric Djurdja Jerotic Ana Savic-Radojevic Marija Pljesa-Ercegovac Tatjana Djukic Marko Ercegovac Milika Asanin Ivana Milosevic Goran Stevanovic Tatjana Simic Vesna Coric Marija Matic <i>GPX3</i> Variant Genotype Affects the Risk of Developing Severe Forms of COVID-19 International Journal of Molecular Sciences oxidative stress COVID-19 disease progression antioxidant genetic profile GPX3 inflammatory markers |
| title | <i>GPX3</i> Variant Genotype Affects the Risk of Developing Severe Forms of COVID-19 |
| title_full | <i>GPX3</i> Variant Genotype Affects the Risk of Developing Severe Forms of COVID-19 |
| title_fullStr | <i>GPX3</i> Variant Genotype Affects the Risk of Developing Severe Forms of COVID-19 |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>GPX3</i> Variant Genotype Affects the Risk of Developing Severe Forms of COVID-19 |
| title_short | <i>GPX3</i> Variant Genotype Affects the Risk of Developing Severe Forms of COVID-19 |
| title_sort | i gpx3 i variant genotype affects the risk of developing severe forms of covid 19 |
| topic | oxidative stress COVID-19 disease progression antioxidant genetic profile GPX3 inflammatory markers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/22/16151 |
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