Integron-Associated Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella typhi
Salmonella enteric serovar Typhi (S. typhi) and paratyphi (S. paratyphi) bacteria exclusively found in humans, cause typhoid fever, an acute, and possibly deadly systemic infection. Typhoid fever is caused by a species of rod-shaped, Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae called S. typhi. The present stud...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Archives of Razi Institute |
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| Online Access: | https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_125517_a5d66996cc271f26f88b64d87dbdd591.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818117270708158464 |
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| author | Z Mohammed Jassim F Mohammed Obead S Neama |
| author_facet | Z Mohammed Jassim F Mohammed Obead S Neama |
| author_sort | Z Mohammed Jassim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Salmonella enteric serovar Typhi (S. typhi) and paratyphi (S. paratyphi) bacteria exclusively found in humans, cause typhoid fever, an acute, and possibly deadly systemic infection. Typhoid fever is caused by a species of rod-shaped, Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae called S. typhi. The present study aimed to examine the intI gene and investigate the possible relation between this gene and multi-drug resistance in S. typhi. A total of 30 blood samples were obtained from patients who were suspicious of typhoid fever using the direct strategy of inoculation. Each specimen was injected into a culture of a selective medium, such as XLD and SS agar, and then incubated at 37°C for 24 h. The genomic DNA was extracted through a boiling process. Tris-EDTA was used to suspend bacterial colonies cultured on MacConkey agar plates. The suspension of bacterial colonies was centrifuged for 5 min at 8000×g and for 20 min at -20°C which lyses the organisms and extracts the DNA from the buffer. The supernatant is then transferred to a fresh Eppendorf tube. Gel electrophoresis was carried out utilizing a UV transilluminator. The intI gene for S. typhi was found using a PCR test. The antibiotic sensitivity testing showed that the S. typhi isolates were classed as multi-resistant. These results were confirmed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique using intI gene where twenty specimens isolated from typhoid patients were positive for S. typhi. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T04:35:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ea978b81bab24f388f37792e03d63941 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0365-3439 2008-9872 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T04:35:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Archives of Razi Institute |
| spelling | doaj.art-ea978b81bab24f388f37792e03d639412022-12-22T01:20:45ZengRazi Vaccine and Serum Research InstituteArchives of Razi Institute0365-34392008-98722022-04-0177277177710.22092/ari.2021.356953.1944125517Integron-Associated Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella typhiZ Mohammed Jassim0F Mohammed Obead1S Neama2College of biotechnology, Al-Qasim Green University, Al Qasim, IraqDepartment of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Faculty of Medical and Health Techniques, University of Alkafeel, Najaf, IraqDepartment of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Faculty of Medical and Health Techniques, University of Alkafeel, Najaf, IraqSalmonella enteric serovar Typhi (S. typhi) and paratyphi (S. paratyphi) bacteria exclusively found in humans, cause typhoid fever, an acute, and possibly deadly systemic infection. Typhoid fever is caused by a species of rod-shaped, Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae called S. typhi. The present study aimed to examine the intI gene and investigate the possible relation between this gene and multi-drug resistance in S. typhi. A total of 30 blood samples were obtained from patients who were suspicious of typhoid fever using the direct strategy of inoculation. Each specimen was injected into a culture of a selective medium, such as XLD and SS agar, and then incubated at 37°C for 24 h. The genomic DNA was extracted through a boiling process. Tris-EDTA was used to suspend bacterial colonies cultured on MacConkey agar plates. The suspension of bacterial colonies was centrifuged for 5 min at 8000×g and for 20 min at -20°C which lyses the organisms and extracts the DNA from the buffer. The supernatant is then transferred to a fresh Eppendorf tube. Gel electrophoresis was carried out utilizing a UV transilluminator. The intI gene for S. typhi was found using a PCR test. The antibiotic sensitivity testing showed that the S. typhi isolates were classed as multi-resistant. These results were confirmed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique using intI gene where twenty specimens isolated from typhoid patients were positive for S. typhi.https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_125517_a5d66996cc271f26f88b64d87dbdd591.pdfintegron genemultidrug resistances. typhi |
| spellingShingle | Z Mohammed Jassim F Mohammed Obead S Neama Integron-Associated Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella typhi Archives of Razi Institute integron gene multidrug resistance s. typhi |
| title | Integron-Associated Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella typhi |
| title_full | Integron-Associated Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella typhi |
| title_fullStr | Integron-Associated Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella typhi |
| title_full_unstemmed | Integron-Associated Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella typhi |
| title_short | Integron-Associated Antibiotic Resistance in Salmonella typhi |
| title_sort | integron associated antibiotic resistance in salmonella typhi |
| topic | integron gene multidrug resistance s. typhi |
| url | https://archrazi.areeo.ac.ir/article_125517_a5d66996cc271f26f88b64d87dbdd591.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zmohammedjassim integronassociatedantibioticresistanceinsalmonellatyphi AT fmohammedobead integronassociatedantibioticresistanceinsalmonellatyphi AT sneama integronassociatedantibioticresistanceinsalmonellatyphi |