Tunicothrix halophila n. sp., a Secondarily Oligomerized Parabirojimid Hypotrich (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea) From Hypersaline Costal Water in Korea
Tunicothrix halophila n. sp. was discovered in a hypersaline marine sample from Jeju Island, Korea. It is characterized by the highly reduced number of dorsal bristles. In addition, the main character of the genus Tunicothrix (e.g., alveolar layer) is absent/indistinct. To figure out its identity an...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-07-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.691361/full |
| _version_ | 1818456181199339520 |
|---|---|
| author | Atef Omar Atef Omar Ji Hye Moon Seung Won Nam Jae-Ho Jung |
| author_facet | Atef Omar Atef Omar Ji Hye Moon Seung Won Nam Jae-Ho Jung |
| author_sort | Atef Omar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tunicothrix halophila n. sp. was discovered in a hypersaline marine sample from Jeju Island, Korea. It is characterized by the highly reduced number of dorsal bristles. In addition, the main character of the genus Tunicothrix (e.g., alveolar layer) is absent/indistinct. To figure out its identity and phylogenetic relationship, we examined the new species based on modern morphological methods and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Since the parabirojimids are of basal position to core hypotrichs and a smaller data set could show incorrect phylogenetic relationships among the hypotrichs, we used a huge data set composed of 1,460 DNA sequences to infer the phylogenetic tree. The reduction of dorsal bristles is very likely a secondarily evolved character in hypotrichs, resulting in the independent phenotypic adaptation in the hypersaline ecosystems as shown in other hypersaline hypotrichs. Furthermore, the so-called right marginal row 1 in other congeners is found to produce a pretransverse and transverse cirrus and thus we recommend using the term frontoventral row. Based on our data, we can justify Tunicothrix halophila n. sp. as a new species; however, despite the phenotypic distinctiveness, we refrain to establish a new genus because of the missing data and the non-monophyly of Tunicothrix. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T22:22:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ea9e7fd785974761b6c03c236679a8e1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T22:22:35Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-ea9e7fd785974761b6c03c236679a8e12022-12-21T22:45:28ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2021-07-011210.3389/fmicb.2021.691361691361Tunicothrix halophila n. sp., a Secondarily Oligomerized Parabirojimid Hypotrich (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea) From Hypersaline Costal Water in KoreaAtef Omar0Atef Omar1Ji Hye Moon2Seung Won Nam3Jae-Ho Jung4Natural Science Research Institute, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South KoreaDepartment of Zoology, Al Azhar University, Assiut, EgyptDepartment of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South KoreaProtist Research Team, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju, South KoreaDepartment of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South KoreaTunicothrix halophila n. sp. was discovered in a hypersaline marine sample from Jeju Island, Korea. It is characterized by the highly reduced number of dorsal bristles. In addition, the main character of the genus Tunicothrix (e.g., alveolar layer) is absent/indistinct. To figure out its identity and phylogenetic relationship, we examined the new species based on modern morphological methods and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Since the parabirojimids are of basal position to core hypotrichs and a smaller data set could show incorrect phylogenetic relationships among the hypotrichs, we used a huge data set composed of 1,460 DNA sequences to infer the phylogenetic tree. The reduction of dorsal bristles is very likely a secondarily evolved character in hypotrichs, resulting in the independent phenotypic adaptation in the hypersaline ecosystems as shown in other hypersaline hypotrichs. Furthermore, the so-called right marginal row 1 in other congeners is found to produce a pretransverse and transverse cirrus and thus we recommend using the term frontoventral row. Based on our data, we can justify Tunicothrix halophila n. sp. as a new species; however, despite the phenotypic distinctiveness, we refrain to establish a new genus because of the missing data and the non-monophyly of Tunicothrix.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.691361/fullciliateextreme habitatontogenesisphylogenytaxonomy |
| spellingShingle | Atef Omar Atef Omar Ji Hye Moon Seung Won Nam Jae-Ho Jung Tunicothrix halophila n. sp., a Secondarily Oligomerized Parabirojimid Hypotrich (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea) From Hypersaline Costal Water in Korea Frontiers in Microbiology ciliate extreme habitat ontogenesis phylogeny taxonomy |
| title | Tunicothrix halophila n. sp., a Secondarily Oligomerized Parabirojimid Hypotrich (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea) From Hypersaline Costal Water in Korea |
| title_full | Tunicothrix halophila n. sp., a Secondarily Oligomerized Parabirojimid Hypotrich (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea) From Hypersaline Costal Water in Korea |
| title_fullStr | Tunicothrix halophila n. sp., a Secondarily Oligomerized Parabirojimid Hypotrich (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea) From Hypersaline Costal Water in Korea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tunicothrix halophila n. sp., a Secondarily Oligomerized Parabirojimid Hypotrich (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea) From Hypersaline Costal Water in Korea |
| title_short | Tunicothrix halophila n. sp., a Secondarily Oligomerized Parabirojimid Hypotrich (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea) From Hypersaline Costal Water in Korea |
| title_sort | tunicothrix halophila n sp a secondarily oligomerized parabirojimid hypotrich ciliophora spirotrichea from hypersaline costal water in korea |
| topic | ciliate extreme habitat ontogenesis phylogeny taxonomy |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.691361/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT atefomar tunicothrixhalophilanspasecondarilyoligomerizedparabirojimidhypotrichciliophoraspirotricheafromhypersalinecostalwaterinkorea AT atefomar tunicothrixhalophilanspasecondarilyoligomerizedparabirojimidhypotrichciliophoraspirotricheafromhypersalinecostalwaterinkorea AT jihyemoon tunicothrixhalophilanspasecondarilyoligomerizedparabirojimidhypotrichciliophoraspirotricheafromhypersalinecostalwaterinkorea AT seungwonnam tunicothrixhalophilanspasecondarilyoligomerizedparabirojimidhypotrichciliophoraspirotricheafromhypersalinecostalwaterinkorea AT jaehojung tunicothrixhalophilanspasecondarilyoligomerizedparabirojimidhypotrichciliophoraspirotricheafromhypersalinecostalwaterinkorea |