Delayed Antibody Response in the Acute Phase of Infection Is Associated with a Lower Mental Component of Quality of Life in Survivors of Severe and Critical COVID-19
<b>Background:</b> The long-term sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) significantly affects quality of life (QoL) in disease survivors. Delayed development of the adaptive immune response is associated with more severe disease and a worse prognosis in COVID-19. The effects of...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/7/1938 |
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| author | Mohammad Mahmud Otman Dababseh Peter Sabaka Oľga Duraníková Simona Horváthová Peter Valkovič Igor Straka Anna Nagyová Vladimír Boža Marián Kravec Ján Jurenka Alena Koščálová Peter Mihalov Eliška Marešová Matej Bendžala Alice Kušnírová Igor Stankovič |
| author_facet | Mohammad Mahmud Otman Dababseh Peter Sabaka Oľga Duraníková Simona Horváthová Peter Valkovič Igor Straka Anna Nagyová Vladimír Boža Marián Kravec Ján Jurenka Alena Koščálová Peter Mihalov Eliška Marešová Matej Bendžala Alice Kušnírová Igor Stankovič |
| author_sort | Mohammad Mahmud Otman Dababseh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background:</b> The long-term sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) significantly affects quality of life (QoL) in disease survivors. Delayed development of the adaptive immune response is associated with more severe disease and a worse prognosis in COVID-19. The effects of delayed immune response on COVID-19 sequelae and QoL are unknown. <b>Methods:</b> We conducted a prospective study to assess the relationship between the delayed antibody response in the acute phase of infection in naïve unvaccinated patients suffering from severe or critical COVID-19 and their QoL 12 months after hospital discharge. The 12-item Short Form Survey (SF-12) questionnaire was used for assessment of QoL. The SF-12 evaluates both mental and physical components of QoL, incorporating a mental component score (MCS-12) and a physical component score (PCS-12). A delayed antibody response was defined as testing negative for anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at the time of hospital admission. <b>Results:</b> The study included 274 patients (154 men and 120 women). Of the enrolled patients, 144 had a delayed immune response. These patients had a significantly lower MCS-12 (<i>p</i> = 0.002), but PCS-12 (<i>p</i> = 0.397) was not significantly different at the 12-month follow-up compared to patients with positive anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The MCS-12 at the time of follow-up was negatively associated with delayed antibody response irrespective of possible confounders (<i>p</i> = 0.006; B = 3.609; ηp2 = 0.035; 95% CI = 1.069–6.150). An MSC-12 below 50 points at the time of follow-up was positively associated with delayed antibody response (<i>p</i> = 0.001; B = 1.092; OR = 2.979; 95% CI = 1.554–5.711). <b>Conclusions:</b> This study confirmed that, in patients with severe and critical COVID-19, a negative result for anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at the time of hospital admission is associated with a lower mental component of QoL in unvaccinated patients naïve to COVID-19 one year after hospital discharge. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:41:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eaace2fd851d44d68cf5deb1e946d3a6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:41:45Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-eaace2fd851d44d68cf5deb1e946d3a62024-04-12T13:21:05ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832024-03-01137193810.3390/jcm13071938Delayed Antibody Response in the Acute Phase of Infection Is Associated with a Lower Mental Component of Quality of Life in Survivors of Severe and Critical COVID-19Mohammad Mahmud Otman Dababseh0Peter Sabaka1Oľga Duraníková2Simona Horváthová3Peter Valkovič4Igor Straka5Anna Nagyová6Vladimír Boža7Marián Kravec8Ján Jurenka9Alena Koščálová10Peter Mihalov11Eliška Marešová12Matej Bendžala13Alice Kušnírová14Igor Stankovič15Department of Infectology and Geographical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 833 05 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Infectology and Geographical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 833 05 Bratislava, Slovakia2nd Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 833 05 Bratislava, Slovakia2nd Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 833 05 Bratislava, Slovakia2nd Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 833 05 Bratislava, Slovakia2nd Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 833 05 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Infectology and Geographical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 833 05 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Applied Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 48 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Applied Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 48 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Infectology and Geographical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 833 05 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Infectology, Slovak Medical University, 833 05 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Infectology and Geographical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 833 05 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Infectology and Geographical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 833 05 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Infectology and Geographical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 833 05 Bratislava, Slovakia2nd Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 833 05 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Infectology and Geographical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 833 05 Bratislava, Slovakia<b>Background:</b> The long-term sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) significantly affects quality of life (QoL) in disease survivors. Delayed development of the adaptive immune response is associated with more severe disease and a worse prognosis in COVID-19. The effects of delayed immune response on COVID-19 sequelae and QoL are unknown. <b>Methods:</b> We conducted a prospective study to assess the relationship between the delayed antibody response in the acute phase of infection in naïve unvaccinated patients suffering from severe or critical COVID-19 and their QoL 12 months after hospital discharge. The 12-item Short Form Survey (SF-12) questionnaire was used for assessment of QoL. The SF-12 evaluates both mental and physical components of QoL, incorporating a mental component score (MCS-12) and a physical component score (PCS-12). A delayed antibody response was defined as testing negative for anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at the time of hospital admission. <b>Results:</b> The study included 274 patients (154 men and 120 women). Of the enrolled patients, 144 had a delayed immune response. These patients had a significantly lower MCS-12 (<i>p</i> = 0.002), but PCS-12 (<i>p</i> = 0.397) was not significantly different at the 12-month follow-up compared to patients with positive anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The MCS-12 at the time of follow-up was negatively associated with delayed antibody response irrespective of possible confounders (<i>p</i> = 0.006; B = 3.609; ηp2 = 0.035; 95% CI = 1.069–6.150). An MSC-12 below 50 points at the time of follow-up was positively associated with delayed antibody response (<i>p</i> = 0.001; B = 1.092; OR = 2.979; 95% CI = 1.554–5.711). <b>Conclusions:</b> This study confirmed that, in patients with severe and critical COVID-19, a negative result for anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at the time of hospital admission is associated with a lower mental component of QoL in unvaccinated patients naïve to COVID-19 one year after hospital discharge.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/7/1938anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibodiesdelayed antibody responseCOVID-19quality of lifemental health |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Mahmud Otman Dababseh Peter Sabaka Oľga Duraníková Simona Horváthová Peter Valkovič Igor Straka Anna Nagyová Vladimír Boža Marián Kravec Ján Jurenka Alena Koščálová Peter Mihalov Eliška Marešová Matej Bendžala Alice Kušnírová Igor Stankovič Delayed Antibody Response in the Acute Phase of Infection Is Associated with a Lower Mental Component of Quality of Life in Survivors of Severe and Critical COVID-19 Journal of Clinical Medicine anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibodies delayed antibody response COVID-19 quality of life mental health |
| title | Delayed Antibody Response in the Acute Phase of Infection Is Associated with a Lower Mental Component of Quality of Life in Survivors of Severe and Critical COVID-19 |
| title_full | Delayed Antibody Response in the Acute Phase of Infection Is Associated with a Lower Mental Component of Quality of Life in Survivors of Severe and Critical COVID-19 |
| title_fullStr | Delayed Antibody Response in the Acute Phase of Infection Is Associated with a Lower Mental Component of Quality of Life in Survivors of Severe and Critical COVID-19 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Delayed Antibody Response in the Acute Phase of Infection Is Associated with a Lower Mental Component of Quality of Life in Survivors of Severe and Critical COVID-19 |
| title_short | Delayed Antibody Response in the Acute Phase of Infection Is Associated with a Lower Mental Component of Quality of Life in Survivors of Severe and Critical COVID-19 |
| title_sort | delayed antibody response in the acute phase of infection is associated with a lower mental component of quality of life in survivors of severe and critical covid 19 |
| topic | anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibodies delayed antibody response COVID-19 quality of life mental health |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/7/1938 |
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