| Summary: | Hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) was recognized as a gaseous signaling molecule, similar to nitric oxide (-NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the formation of hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) in the human body. H<sub>2</sub>S is synthesized by enzymatic processes involving cysteine and several enzymes, including cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), cysteine aminotransferase (CAT), 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3MST) and D-amino acid oxidase (DAO). The physiological and pathological effects of hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) on various systems in the human body have led to extensive research efforts to develop appropriate methods to deliver H<sub>2</sub>S under conditions that mimic physiological settings and respond to various stimuli. These functions span a wide spectrum, ranging from effects on the endocrine system and cellular lifespan to protection of liver and kidney function. The exact physiological and hazardous thresholds of hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) in the human body are currently not well understood and need to be researched in depth. This article provides an overview of the physiological significance of H<sub>2</sub>S in the human body. It highlights the various sources of H<sub>2</sub>S production in different situations and examines existing techniques for detecting this gas.
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