Subcellular Energetics and Carbon Storage in <i>Chlamydomonas</i>
Microalgae have emerged as a promising platform for production of carbon- and energy- rich molecules, notably starch and oil. Establishing an economically viable algal biotechnology sector requires a holistic understanding of algal photosynthesis, physiology, cell cycle and metabolism. Starch/oil pr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/8/10/1154 |
| _version_ | 1797709911352672256 |
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| author | Adrien Burlacot Gilles Peltier Yonghua Li-Beisson |
| author_facet | Adrien Burlacot Gilles Peltier Yonghua Li-Beisson |
| author_sort | Adrien Burlacot |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Microalgae have emerged as a promising platform for production of carbon- and energy- rich molecules, notably starch and oil. Establishing an economically viable algal biotechnology sector requires a holistic understanding of algal photosynthesis, physiology, cell cycle and metabolism. Starch/oil productivity is a combined effect of their cellular content and cell division activities. Cell growth, starch and fatty acid synthesis all require carbon building blocks and a source of energy in the form of ATP and NADPH, but with a different requirement in ATP/NADPH ratio. Thus, several cellular mechanisms have been developed by microalgae to balance ATP and NADPH supply which are essentially produced by photosynthesis. Major energy management mechanisms include ATP production by the chloroplast-based cyclic electron flow and NADPH removal by water-water cycles. Furthermore, energetic coupling between chloroplast and other cellular compartments, mitochondria and peroxisome, is increasingly recognized as an important process involved in the chloroplast redox poise. Emerging literature suggests that alterations of energy management pathways affect not only cell fitness and survival, but also influence biomass content and composition. These emerging discoveries are important steps towards diverting algal photosynthetic energy to useful products for biotechnological applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:44:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eab71c977b3b4737a47e86521e52dd1b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:44:40Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-eab71c977b3b4737a47e86521e52dd1b2023-09-03T00:43:24ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092019-09-01810115410.3390/cells8101154cells8101154Subcellular Energetics and Carbon Storage in <i>Chlamydomonas</i>Adrien Burlacot0Gilles Peltier1Yonghua Li-Beisson2Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies Aix-Marseille, CEA Cadarache CEDEX, 13108 Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, FranceAix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies Aix-Marseille, CEA Cadarache CEDEX, 13108 Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, FranceAix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies Aix-Marseille, CEA Cadarache CEDEX, 13108 Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, FranceMicroalgae have emerged as a promising platform for production of carbon- and energy- rich molecules, notably starch and oil. Establishing an economically viable algal biotechnology sector requires a holistic understanding of algal photosynthesis, physiology, cell cycle and metabolism. Starch/oil productivity is a combined effect of their cellular content and cell division activities. Cell growth, starch and fatty acid synthesis all require carbon building blocks and a source of energy in the form of ATP and NADPH, but with a different requirement in ATP/NADPH ratio. Thus, several cellular mechanisms have been developed by microalgae to balance ATP and NADPH supply which are essentially produced by photosynthesis. Major energy management mechanisms include ATP production by the chloroplast-based cyclic electron flow and NADPH removal by water-water cycles. Furthermore, energetic coupling between chloroplast and other cellular compartments, mitochondria and peroxisome, is increasingly recognized as an important process involved in the chloroplast redox poise. Emerging literature suggests that alterations of energy management pathways affect not only cell fitness and survival, but also influence biomass content and composition. These emerging discoveries are important steps towards diverting algal photosynthetic energy to useful products for biotechnological applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/8/10/1154organellechloroplastmitochondriaperoxisomestarchoilreductantphosphorylating powerphotosynthesismetabolic shuttles |
| spellingShingle | Adrien Burlacot Gilles Peltier Yonghua Li-Beisson Subcellular Energetics and Carbon Storage in <i>Chlamydomonas</i> Cells organelle chloroplast mitochondria peroxisome starch oil reductant phosphorylating power photosynthesis metabolic shuttles |
| title | Subcellular Energetics and Carbon Storage in <i>Chlamydomonas</i> |
| title_full | Subcellular Energetics and Carbon Storage in <i>Chlamydomonas</i> |
| title_fullStr | Subcellular Energetics and Carbon Storage in <i>Chlamydomonas</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Subcellular Energetics and Carbon Storage in <i>Chlamydomonas</i> |
| title_short | Subcellular Energetics and Carbon Storage in <i>Chlamydomonas</i> |
| title_sort | subcellular energetics and carbon storage in i chlamydomonas i |
| topic | organelle chloroplast mitochondria peroxisome starch oil reductant phosphorylating power photosynthesis metabolic shuttles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/8/10/1154 |
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