Aflatoxin in Dairy Cows: Toxicity, Occurrence in Feedstuffs and Milk and Dietary Mitigation Strategies
Aflatoxins are poisonous carcinogens produced by fungi, mainly <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> and <i>Aspergillus parasiticus</i>. Aflatoxins can contaminate a variety of livestock feeds and cause enormous economic losses, estimated at between US$52.1 and US$1.68 billion annually f...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/4/283 |
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| author | Yun Jiang Ibukun M. Ogunade Diwakar Vyas Adegbola T. Adesogan |
| author_facet | Yun Jiang Ibukun M. Ogunade Diwakar Vyas Adegbola T. Adesogan |
| author_sort | Yun Jiang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aflatoxins are poisonous carcinogens produced by fungi, mainly <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> and <i>Aspergillus parasiticus</i>. Aflatoxins can contaminate a variety of livestock feeds and cause enormous economic losses, estimated at between US$52.1 and US$1.68 billion annually for the U.S. corn industry alone. In addition, aflatoxin can be transferred from the diet to the milk of cows as aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), posing a significant human health hazard. In dairy cows, sheep and goats, chronic exposure to dietary aflatoxin can reduce milk production, impair reproduction and liver function, compromise immune function, and increase susceptibility to diseases; hence, strategies to lower aflatoxin contamination of feeds and to prevent or reduce the transfer of the toxin to milk are required for safeguarding animal and human health and improving the safety of dairy products and profitability of the dairy industry. This article provides an overview of the toxicity of aflatoxin to ruminant livestock, its occurrence in livestock feeds, and the effectiveness of different strategies for preventing and mitigating aflatoxin contamination of feeds. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:13:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eac33885b02c4d3796aed481b4416bdd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:13:57Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-eac33885b02c4d3796aed481b4416bdd2023-11-21T15:59:59ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512021-04-0113428310.3390/toxins13040283Aflatoxin in Dairy Cows: Toxicity, Occurrence in Feedstuffs and Milk and Dietary Mitigation StrategiesYun Jiang0Ibukun M. Ogunade1Diwakar Vyas2Adegbola T. Adesogan3Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADivision of Animal and Nutritional Science, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USADepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USADepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USAAflatoxins are poisonous carcinogens produced by fungi, mainly <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> and <i>Aspergillus parasiticus</i>. Aflatoxins can contaminate a variety of livestock feeds and cause enormous economic losses, estimated at between US$52.1 and US$1.68 billion annually for the U.S. corn industry alone. In addition, aflatoxin can be transferred from the diet to the milk of cows as aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), posing a significant human health hazard. In dairy cows, sheep and goats, chronic exposure to dietary aflatoxin can reduce milk production, impair reproduction and liver function, compromise immune function, and increase susceptibility to diseases; hence, strategies to lower aflatoxin contamination of feeds and to prevent or reduce the transfer of the toxin to milk are required for safeguarding animal and human health and improving the safety of dairy products and profitability of the dairy industry. This article provides an overview of the toxicity of aflatoxin to ruminant livestock, its occurrence in livestock feeds, and the effectiveness of different strategies for preventing and mitigating aflatoxin contamination of feeds.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/4/283aflatoxindairy cowsmitigation strategiessequestering agents |
| spellingShingle | Yun Jiang Ibukun M. Ogunade Diwakar Vyas Adegbola T. Adesogan Aflatoxin in Dairy Cows: Toxicity, Occurrence in Feedstuffs and Milk and Dietary Mitigation Strategies Toxins aflatoxin dairy cows mitigation strategies sequestering agents |
| title | Aflatoxin in Dairy Cows: Toxicity, Occurrence in Feedstuffs and Milk and Dietary Mitigation Strategies |
| title_full | Aflatoxin in Dairy Cows: Toxicity, Occurrence in Feedstuffs and Milk and Dietary Mitigation Strategies |
| title_fullStr | Aflatoxin in Dairy Cows: Toxicity, Occurrence in Feedstuffs and Milk and Dietary Mitigation Strategies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aflatoxin in Dairy Cows: Toxicity, Occurrence in Feedstuffs and Milk and Dietary Mitigation Strategies |
| title_short | Aflatoxin in Dairy Cows: Toxicity, Occurrence in Feedstuffs and Milk and Dietary Mitigation Strategies |
| title_sort | aflatoxin in dairy cows toxicity occurrence in feedstuffs and milk and dietary mitigation strategies |
| topic | aflatoxin dairy cows mitigation strategies sequestering agents |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/4/283 |
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