Absence of Seed-Mediated Transmission of Cucumber Mosaic Virus in Espelette Pepper Crops despite Widespread and Recurrent Epidemics
In the past decade, severe epidemics of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) have caused significant damage to Espelette pepper crops. This virus threatens the production of Espelette pepper, which plays a significant role in the local economy and touristic attractiveness of the French Basque Country, locate...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/11/2159 |
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| author | Judith Hirsch Marion Szadkowski Catherine Wipf-Scheibel Elise Lepage Paul Dumeaux Elodie Nguyen Eric Verdin Benoît Moury Loup Rimbaud |
| author_facet | Judith Hirsch Marion Szadkowski Catherine Wipf-Scheibel Elise Lepage Paul Dumeaux Elodie Nguyen Eric Verdin Benoît Moury Loup Rimbaud |
| author_sort | Judith Hirsch |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the past decade, severe epidemics of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) have caused significant damage to Espelette pepper crops. This virus threatens the production of Espelette pepper, which plays a significant role in the local economy and touristic attractiveness of the French Basque Country, located in southwestern France. In 2021 and 2022, CMV was detected via double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (DAS-ELISAs) in Gorria pepper seed lots harvested from naturally infected fields scattered throughout the entire Espelette pepper production area. These seed lots were used in greenhouse grow-out tests to determine whether CMV could be transmitted to seedlings from contaminated seeds, using visual symptom assessment, DAS-ELISAs, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Despite the widespread occurrence of CMV in seeds of field samples, the grow-out experiments on a total of over 5000 seedlings yielded no evidence of seed transmission of local CMV isolates in Gorria pepper. Therefore, rather than seeds from infected pepper plants, sources of CMV inoculum in Espelette are more likely to be alternative hosts present in and around pepper fields that can allow for the survival of CMV during the off-season. These results have important epidemiological implications and will guide the choice of effective measures to control current epidemics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:24:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eadf814242a84ca1bed41e53acde442f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:24:07Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-eadf814242a84ca1bed41e53acde442f2023-11-24T15:10:36ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152023-10-011511215910.3390/v15112159Absence of Seed-Mediated Transmission of Cucumber Mosaic Virus in Espelette Pepper Crops despite Widespread and Recurrent EpidemicsJudith Hirsch0Marion Szadkowski1Catherine Wipf-Scheibel2Elise Lepage3Paul Dumeaux4Elodie Nguyen5Eric Verdin6Benoît Moury7Loup Rimbaud8INRAE, Pathologie Végétale, 84140 Avignon, FranceINRAE, Pathologie Végétale, 84140 Avignon, FranceINRAE, Pathologie Végétale, 84140 Avignon, FranceINRAE, Pathologie Végétale, 84140 Avignon, FranceSyndicat du Piment d’Espelette AOP, 64250 Espelette, FranceSyndicat du Piment d’Espelette AOP, 64250 Espelette, FranceINRAE, Pathologie Végétale, 84140 Avignon, FranceINRAE, Pathologie Végétale, 84140 Avignon, FranceINRAE, Pathologie Végétale, 84140 Avignon, FranceIn the past decade, severe epidemics of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) have caused significant damage to Espelette pepper crops. This virus threatens the production of Espelette pepper, which plays a significant role in the local economy and touristic attractiveness of the French Basque Country, located in southwestern France. In 2021 and 2022, CMV was detected via double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (DAS-ELISAs) in Gorria pepper seed lots harvested from naturally infected fields scattered throughout the entire Espelette pepper production area. These seed lots were used in greenhouse grow-out tests to determine whether CMV could be transmitted to seedlings from contaminated seeds, using visual symptom assessment, DAS-ELISAs, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Despite the widespread occurrence of CMV in seeds of field samples, the grow-out experiments on a total of over 5000 seedlings yielded no evidence of seed transmission of local CMV isolates in Gorria pepper. Therefore, rather than seeds from infected pepper plants, sources of CMV inoculum in Espelette are more likely to be alternative hosts present in and around pepper fields that can allow for the survival of CMV during the off-season. These results have important epidemiological implications and will guide the choice of effective measures to control current epidemics.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/11/2159cucumber mosaic viruspepper<i>Capsicum annuum</i>vertical transmissionseed transmission |
| spellingShingle | Judith Hirsch Marion Szadkowski Catherine Wipf-Scheibel Elise Lepage Paul Dumeaux Elodie Nguyen Eric Verdin Benoît Moury Loup Rimbaud Absence of Seed-Mediated Transmission of Cucumber Mosaic Virus in Espelette Pepper Crops despite Widespread and Recurrent Epidemics Viruses cucumber mosaic virus pepper <i>Capsicum annuum</i> vertical transmission seed transmission |
| title | Absence of Seed-Mediated Transmission of Cucumber Mosaic Virus in Espelette Pepper Crops despite Widespread and Recurrent Epidemics |
| title_full | Absence of Seed-Mediated Transmission of Cucumber Mosaic Virus in Espelette Pepper Crops despite Widespread and Recurrent Epidemics |
| title_fullStr | Absence of Seed-Mediated Transmission of Cucumber Mosaic Virus in Espelette Pepper Crops despite Widespread and Recurrent Epidemics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Absence of Seed-Mediated Transmission of Cucumber Mosaic Virus in Espelette Pepper Crops despite Widespread and Recurrent Epidemics |
| title_short | Absence of Seed-Mediated Transmission of Cucumber Mosaic Virus in Espelette Pepper Crops despite Widespread and Recurrent Epidemics |
| title_sort | absence of seed mediated transmission of cucumber mosaic virus in espelette pepper crops despite widespread and recurrent epidemics |
| topic | cucumber mosaic virus pepper <i>Capsicum annuum</i> vertical transmission seed transmission |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/11/2159 |
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