Evaluation of Prickly Pear’s Pulp Powder (Opuntia stricta) on Physicochemical Properties of Raw and Cooked Analogue Burgers
Introduction There has been an increasing demand for functional analog meat products due to environmental, human health, and animal welfare concerns. Burger analogs are plant-based products that are designed to mimic the taste, texture, and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2023-03-01
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| Series: | مجله پژوهشهای علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران |
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| Online Access: | https://ifstrj.um.ac.ir/article_42130_3245c715cf5af495826c4ed9d39bd952.pdf |
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| author | Parisa Shahiri Tabrestani Mahboobeh Kashiri Yahya Maghsoudlou Hoda Shahiritabarestani Mohammad Ghorbani |
| author_facet | Parisa Shahiri Tabrestani Mahboobeh Kashiri Yahya Maghsoudlou Hoda Shahiritabarestani Mohammad Ghorbani |
| author_sort | Parisa Shahiri Tabrestani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction
There has been an increasing demand for functional analog meat products due to environmental, human health, and animal welfare concerns. Burger analogs are plant-based products that are designed to mimic the taste, texture, and appearance of meat burgers. They are typically made from a combination of plant-based ingredients such as textured vegetable protein, legumes, grains, and vegetables. The goal of burger analogs is to provide a meat-like experience without using animal-based products.These formulations aim to provide a healthier and sustainable alternative to conventional meat products. The organoleptic properties of burger analogs, including texture, taste, and aroma, are crucial for their acceptance by consumers.
Prickly pear (Opuntia stricta) is a fruit from the Cactaceae family that contains various beneficial components, including natural pigments, proteins, fibers, and polysaccharides. Pectic polysaccharides and arabinogalactans are two types of polysaccharides found in prickly pear that have thickening properties and can improve the texture of food products. Moreover, Prickly pear is a nutritious and functional fruit that can provide various benefits when incorporated into the diet or used as an ingredient in food products. To date, no health benefit analog burgers incorporating Opuntia fruit have been developed.This study investigated the effects of adding Prickly pear pulp powder at levels of 0.5-2.5% on the physicochemical, sensory, and textural properties of analog burgers.
Materials and Methods
Analog burgers were formulated according to Iranian national standards using common ingredients (texturized soy protein, water, canola oil, garlic, dehydrated onion, soy sauce, and guar gum) as a control sample. Mature prickly pear fruits (Opuntia stricta) were collected from west of Mazandaran province in February. The fruits were washed, peeled, and dried in a forced oven dryer at a temperature of 45 °C. The dried samples were then ground into a powder and stored at 4 °C until further physico-chemical parameters of the including moisture, pH, ash, protein, lipid, color and total phenolic content. For developing new formulation of analog burgers, the roasted flour was substituted with prickly pear pulp powder at 0.5%, 1.5%, and 2.5% of the base recipe. The average moisture, ash, fat, carbohydrate content, pH, holding capacity, and color of each raw packed burger were measured. The hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, and chewiness of cooked analog burgers were evaluated using a texturometer instrument. Sensory analysis was performed by 10 panelists who judged discrimination scales of color, odor, taste, and texture characteristics. Analysis and sample treatments were repeated at least three times. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (version 19.0), and data were expressed as means ± standard deviation (SD).
Results and Discussion
The lowest and highest cooking losses were observed in analog burgers with 2.5% pulp powder (21.03 ±0.47%) and the control (22.2 ± 0.63%), respectively. However, moisture retention and juiciness did not show significant differences (p > 0.05) between analog burgers with prickly pear pulp powder and the control. The results indicated that increasing prickly pear pulp powder levels significantly decreased the redness (+a*) parameter and yellowness (+b*) of raw analog burgers. Moreover, a reduction in cooking loss and shrinkage were observed for cooked soy burger samples using prickly pear pulp powder. However, cooked analog burgers with added prickly pear pulp powder showed significantly higher juiciness. The elasticity of the produced analog burgers significantly decreased with an increasing percentage of pulp powder (p <0.05).
Conclusion
The incorporation of prickly pear pulp powder in analog burger formulation resulted in a significant decrease in cooking loss and shrinkage of the cooked burgers, while not significantly affecting moisture retention and juiciness. An increase in prickly pear pulp powder levels in analog burger formulation led to a significant decrease in the redness and yellowness of the raw analog burgers, as well as a decrease in their elasticity. Based on the sensory evaluation and consumers' overall tendency to consume burgers, it is recommended to use 1.5% prickly pear pulp powder in analog burger formulation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T14:15:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eae46b1a951a4734aff982b636943b40 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1735-4161 2228-5415 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T14:15:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Ferdowsi University of Mashhad |
| record_format | Article |
| series | مجله پژوهشهای علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران |
| spelling | doaj.art-eae46b1a951a4734aff982b636943b402023-11-01T07:08:19ZengFerdowsi University of Mashhadمجله پژوهشهای علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران1735-41612228-54152023-03-01191314110.22067/ifstrj.2022.71095.106642130Evaluation of Prickly Pear’s Pulp Powder (Opuntia stricta) on Physicochemical Properties of Raw and Cooked Analogue BurgersParisa Shahiri Tabrestani0Mahboobeh Kashiri1Yahya Maghsoudlou2Hoda Shahiritabarestani3Mohammad Ghorbani4Department of Food Science and Technology Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, IranDepartment of Food Science and Technology Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcDepartment of Food Science and Technology Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcGorganIntroduction There has been an increasing demand for functional analog meat products due to environmental, human health, and animal welfare concerns. Burger analogs are plant-based products that are designed to mimic the taste, texture, and appearance of meat burgers. They are typically made from a combination of plant-based ingredients such as textured vegetable protein, legumes, grains, and vegetables. The goal of burger analogs is to provide a meat-like experience without using animal-based products.These formulations aim to provide a healthier and sustainable alternative to conventional meat products. The organoleptic properties of burger analogs, including texture, taste, and aroma, are crucial for their acceptance by consumers. Prickly pear (Opuntia stricta) is a fruit from the Cactaceae family that contains various beneficial components, including natural pigments, proteins, fibers, and polysaccharides. Pectic polysaccharides and arabinogalactans are two types of polysaccharides found in prickly pear that have thickening properties and can improve the texture of food products. Moreover, Prickly pear is a nutritious and functional fruit that can provide various benefits when incorporated into the diet or used as an ingredient in food products. To date, no health benefit analog burgers incorporating Opuntia fruit have been developed.This study investigated the effects of adding Prickly pear pulp powder at levels of 0.5-2.5% on the physicochemical, sensory, and textural properties of analog burgers. Materials and Methods Analog burgers were formulated according to Iranian national standards using common ingredients (texturized soy protein, water, canola oil, garlic, dehydrated onion, soy sauce, and guar gum) as a control sample. Mature prickly pear fruits (Opuntia stricta) were collected from west of Mazandaran province in February. The fruits were washed, peeled, and dried in a forced oven dryer at a temperature of 45 °C. The dried samples were then ground into a powder and stored at 4 °C until further physico-chemical parameters of the including moisture, pH, ash, protein, lipid, color and total phenolic content. For developing new formulation of analog burgers, the roasted flour was substituted with prickly pear pulp powder at 0.5%, 1.5%, and 2.5% of the base recipe. The average moisture, ash, fat, carbohydrate content, pH, holding capacity, and color of each raw packed burger were measured. The hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, and chewiness of cooked analog burgers were evaluated using a texturometer instrument. Sensory analysis was performed by 10 panelists who judged discrimination scales of color, odor, taste, and texture characteristics. Analysis and sample treatments were repeated at least three times. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (version 19.0), and data were expressed as means ± standard deviation (SD). Results and Discussion The lowest and highest cooking losses were observed in analog burgers with 2.5% pulp powder (21.03 ±0.47%) and the control (22.2 ± 0.63%), respectively. However, moisture retention and juiciness did not show significant differences (p > 0.05) between analog burgers with prickly pear pulp powder and the control. The results indicated that increasing prickly pear pulp powder levels significantly decreased the redness (+a*) parameter and yellowness (+b*) of raw analog burgers. Moreover, a reduction in cooking loss and shrinkage were observed for cooked soy burger samples using prickly pear pulp powder. However, cooked analog burgers with added prickly pear pulp powder showed significantly higher juiciness. The elasticity of the produced analog burgers significantly decreased with an increasing percentage of pulp powder (p <0.05). Conclusion The incorporation of prickly pear pulp powder in analog burger formulation resulted in a significant decrease in cooking loss and shrinkage of the cooked burgers, while not significantly affecting moisture retention and juiciness. An increase in prickly pear pulp powder levels in analog burger formulation led to a significant decrease in the redness and yellowness of the raw analog burgers, as well as a decrease in their elasticity. Based on the sensory evaluation and consumers' overall tendency to consume burgers, it is recommended to use 1.5% prickly pear pulp powder in analog burger formulation.https://ifstrj.um.ac.ir/article_42130_3245c715cf5af495826c4ed9d39bd952.pdfmeat analog productsmeat alternativesplant-based burgerprickly pear |
| spellingShingle | Parisa Shahiri Tabrestani Mahboobeh Kashiri Yahya Maghsoudlou Hoda Shahiritabarestani Mohammad Ghorbani Evaluation of Prickly Pear’s Pulp Powder (Opuntia stricta) on Physicochemical Properties of Raw and Cooked Analogue Burgers مجله پژوهشهای علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران meat analog products meat alternatives plant-based burger prickly pear |
| title | Evaluation of Prickly Pear’s Pulp Powder (Opuntia stricta) on Physicochemical Properties of Raw and Cooked Analogue Burgers |
| title_full | Evaluation of Prickly Pear’s Pulp Powder (Opuntia stricta) on Physicochemical Properties of Raw and Cooked Analogue Burgers |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Prickly Pear’s Pulp Powder (Opuntia stricta) on Physicochemical Properties of Raw and Cooked Analogue Burgers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Prickly Pear’s Pulp Powder (Opuntia stricta) on Physicochemical Properties of Raw and Cooked Analogue Burgers |
| title_short | Evaluation of Prickly Pear’s Pulp Powder (Opuntia stricta) on Physicochemical Properties of Raw and Cooked Analogue Burgers |
| title_sort | evaluation of prickly pear s pulp powder opuntia stricta on physicochemical properties of raw and cooked analogue burgers |
| topic | meat analog products meat alternatives plant-based burger prickly pear |
| url | https://ifstrj.um.ac.ir/article_42130_3245c715cf5af495826c4ed9d39bd952.pdf |
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